Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio (ACR) is one of the two markers used to determine chronic kidney disease (CKD). ACR is recommended to be measured on regular basis on people living with Type I and Type II diabetes. ACR is defined as the ratio between albumin (reported in mg/dl) and creatinine (reported in g/dl). This ratio estimates the amount of albumin excreted in urine during a 24 hr period. Albuminuria is diagnosed when UACR is greater than 30 mg albumin/g creatinine. Assay Genie's ACR Assay Kit provides a simple, sensitive, and high-throughput adaptable assay that detects albumin (detection range: 0.02- 2.5 mg/ml), creatinine (detection range: 0.002 -0.5 mg/ml) and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio. The ACR ratio is determined in two steps: First, albumin is determined by using a probe (AB580) that specifically recognizes albumin (Ex/Em = 600/630 nm). Second, creatinine is converted to sarcosine via enzymatic reactions. Sarcosine is specifically oxidized generating a product that reacts with a probe producing a chromophore that can be detected at 570 nm.

Figure: (a) BSA Standard Curve. (b) Creatinine Standard Curve. (c) Estimation of ACR in human urine in diabetic (1) and non-diabetic donors (2, and 3). For Albumin, 50 µl of undiluted samples and for Creatinine, 30 µl of diluted samples (100 times diluted using Creatinine Assay Buffer) were assayed following the kit protocol.