Human CD95/FAS ELISA Kit (HUFI00112)

Product Name:	Human CD95/FAS ELISA Kit
Product Code:	HUFI00112
Size:	96 Assays
Alias:	FAS, CD95, FASR, TNFRSF6, APO1, APT1, FAS1, FASTM, ALPS1A
Detection method:	Sandwich ELISA, Double Antibody
Application:	This immunoassay kit allows for the in vitro quantitative determination of Human FAS concentrations in serum plasma and other biological fluids.
Sensitivity:	18.75pg/ml
Range:	31.25-2000pg/ml
Storage:	4°C for 6 months
Note:	For Research Use Only

Recovery:

Matrices listed below were spiked with certain level of Human FAS and the recovery rates were calculated by comparing the measured value to the expected amount of Human FAS in samples.

Matrix	Recovery range(%)	Average(%)
serum(n=5)	93-104	97
EDTA plasma(n=5)	87-104	95
UFH plasma(n=5)	86-101	91

Linearity:

The linearity of the kit was assayed by testing samples spiked with appropriate concentration of Human FAS and their serial dilutions. The results were demonstrated by the percentage of calculated concentration to the expected.

Sample	1:2	1:4	1:8
serum(n=5)	85-105%	86-105%	95-104%
EDTA plasma(n=5)	83-100%	83-98%	88-98%
UFH plasma(n=5)	85-98%	84-96%	83-93%

CV(%):

Intra-Assay: CV<8%
Inter-Assay: CV<10%

Component	Quantity	Storage
ELISA Microplate (Dismountable)	8×12 strips	4°C for 6 months
Lyophilized Standard	2	4°C/-20°C
Sample/Standard Dilution Buffer	20ml	4°C
Biotin-labeled Antibody(Concentrated)	120ul	4°C (Protect from light)
Antibody Dilution Buffer	10ml	4°C
HRP-Streptavidin Conjugate(SABC)	120ul	4°C (Protect from light)
SABC Dilution Buffer	10ml	4°C
TMB Substrate	10ml	4°C (Protect from light)
Stop Solution	10ml	4°C
Wash Buffer(25X)	30ml	4°C
Plate Sealer	5	-

Other materials and equipment required:

Microplate reader with 450 nm wavelength filter
Multichannel Pipette, Pipette, microcentrifuge tubes and disposable pipette tips
Incubator
Deionized or distilled water
Absorbent paper
Buffer resevoir

Uniprot

P25445

UniProt Protein Function:	FAS: Receptor for TNFSF6/FASLG. The adapter molecule FADD recruits caspase-8 to the activated receptor. The resulting death- inducing signaling complex (DISC) performs caspase-8 proteolytic activation which initiates the subsequent cascade of caspases (aspartate-specific cysteine proteases) mediating apoptosis. FAS- mediated apoptosis may have a role in the induction of peripheral tolerance, in the antigen-stimulated suicide of mature T-cells, or both. The secreted isoforms 2 to 6 block apoptosis (in vitro). Binds DAXX. Interacts with HIPK3. Part of a complex containing HIPK3 and FADD. Binds RIPK1 and FAIM2. Interacts with BRE and FEM1B. Interacts with FADD. Isoform 1 and isoform 6 are expressed at equal levels in resting peripheral blood mononuclear cells. After activation there is an increase in isoform 1 and decrease in the levels of isoform 6. 6 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.
UniProt Protein Details:	Protein type:Apoptosis; Membrane protein, integral; Receptor, cytokine; Cell surface Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 10q24.1 Cellular Component: cell surface; cytoplasm; plasma membrane; integral to membrane; CD95 death-inducing signaling complex; nucleus; cytosol; lipid raft; external side of plasma membrane Molecular Function:identical protein binding; protein binding; signal transducer activity; transmembrane receptor activity; receptor activity; kinase binding Biological Process: circadian rhythm; caspase activation; spleen development; regulation of myeloid cell differentiation; renal system process; transformed cell apoptosis; apoptosis; positive regulation of apoptosis; positive regulation of protein homooligomerization; regulation of lymphocyte differentiation; response to toxin; response to glucocorticoid stimulus; negative regulation of B cell activation; signal transduction; negative thymic T cell selection; regulation of apoptosis; inflammatory cell apoptosis; B cell mediated immunity; induction of apoptosis via death domain receptors; gene expression; protein complex assembly; immunoglobulin production; activated T cell apoptosis; protein homooligomerization; negative regulation of apoptosis Disease: Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome
NCBI Summary:	The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the TNF-receptor superfamily. This receptor contains a death domain. It has been shown to play a central role in the physiological regulation of programmed cell death, and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various malignancies and diseases of the immune system. The interaction of this receptor with its ligand allows the formation of a death-inducing signaling complex that includes Fas-associated death domain protein (FADD), caspase 8, and caspase 10. The autoproteolytic processing of the caspases in the complex triggers a downstream caspase cascade, and leads to apoptosis. This receptor has been also shown to activate NF-kappaB, MAPK3/ERK1, and MAPK8/JNK, and is found to be involved in transducing the proliferating signals in normal diploid fibroblast and T cells. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described, some of which are candidates for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). The isoforms lacking the transmembrane domain may negatively regulate the apoptosis mediated by the full length isoform. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2011]
UniProt Code:	P25445
NCBI GenInfo Identifier:	119833
NCBI Gene ID:	355
NCBI Accession:	P25445.1
UniProt Secondary Accession:	P25445,Q14292, Q14293, Q14294, Q14295, Q16652, Q5T9P1 Q5T9P2, Q5T9P3, Q6SSE9, A9UJX4, B6VNV4,
UniProt Related Accession:	P25445
Molecular Weight:	37,732 Da
NCBI Full Name:	Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6
NCBI Synonym Full Names:	Fas cell surface death receptor
NCBI Official Symbol:	FAS
NCBI Official Synonym Symbols:	APT1; CD95; FAS1; APO-1; FASTM; ALPS1A; TNFRSF6
NCBI Protein Information:	tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6; Fas AMA; FAS 827dupA; CD95 antigen; FASLG receptor; apoptosis antigen 1; Delta Fas/APO-1/CD95; FAS receptor variant 9; APO-1 cell surface antigen; TNF receptor superfamily member 6; apoptosis-mediating surface antigen FAS; Fas (TNF receptor superfamily, member 6); tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 6
UniProt Protein Name:	Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6
UniProt Synonym Protein Names:	Apo-1 antigen; Apoptosis-mediating surface antigen FAS; FASLG receptor
Protein Family:	Development-specific protein
UniProt Gene Name:	FAS
UniProt Entry Name:	TNR6_HUMAN

*Note: Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.

Before adding to wells, equilibrate the SABC working solution and TMB substrate for at least 30 min at 37°C. When diluting samples and reagents, they must be mixed completely and evenly. It is recommended to plot a standard curve for each test.

Step	Protocol
1.	Set standard, test sample and control (zero) wells on the pre-coated plate respectively, and then, record their positions. It is recommended to measure each standard and sample in duplicate. Wash plate 2 times before adding standard, sample and control (zero) wells!
2.	Aliquot 0.1ml standard solutions into the standard wells.
3.	Add 0.1 ml of Sample / Standard dilution buffer into the control (zero) well.
4.	Add 0.1 ml of properly diluted sample ( Human serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.) into test sample wells.
5.	Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37 °C for 90 min.
6.	Remove the cover and discard the plate content, clap the plate on the absorbent filter papers or other absorbent material. Do NOT let the wells completely dry at any time. Wash plate X2.
7.	Add 0.1 ml of Biotin- detection antibody working solution into the above wells (standard, test sample & zero wells). Add the solution at the bottom of each well without touching the side wall.
8.	Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37°C for 60 min.
9.	Remove the cover, and wash plate 3 times with Wash buffer. Let wash buffer rest in wells for 1 min between each wash.
10.	Add 0.1 ml of SABC working solution into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37°C for 30 min.
11.	Remove the cover and wash plate 5 times with Wash buffer, and each time let the wash buffer stay in the wells for 1-2 min.
12.	Add 90 µl of TMB substrate into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37°C in dark within 10-20 min. (Note: This incubation time is for reference use only, the optimal time should be determined by end user.) And the shades of blue can be seen in the first 3-4 wells (with most concentrated standard solutions), the other wells show no obvious color.
13.	Add 50 µl of Stop solution into each well and mix thoroughly. The color changes into yellow immediately.
14.	Read the O.D. absorbance at 450 nm in a microplate reader immediately after adding the stop solution.

When carrying out an ELISA assay it is important to prepare your samples in order to achieve the best possible results. Below we have a list of procedures for the preparation of samples for different sample types.

Sample Type	Protocol
Serum	If using serum separator tubes, allow samples to clot for 30 minutes at room temperature. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Collect the serum fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. If serum separator tubes are not being used, allow samples to clot overnight at 2-8°C. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Remove serum and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Plasma	Collect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge samples at 4°C for 15 mins at 1000 × g within 30 mins of collection. Collect the plasma fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Over haemolysed samples are not suitable for use with this kit.
Urine & Cerebrospinal Fluid	Collect the urine (mid-stream) in a sterile container, centrifuge for 20 mins at 2000-3000 rpm. Remove supernatant and assay immediately. If any precipitation is detected, repeat the centrifugation step. A similar protocol can be used for cerebrospinal fluid.
Cell culture supernatant	Collect the cell culture media by pipette, followed by centrifugation at 4°C for 20 mins at 1500 rpm. Collect the clear supernatant and assay immediately.
Cell lysates	Solubilize cells in lysis buffer and allow to sit on ice for 30 minutes. Centrifuge tubes at 14,000 x g for 5 minutes to remove insoluble material. Aliquot the supernatant into a new tube and discard the remaining whole cell extract. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Tissue homogenates	The preparation of tissue homogenates will vary depending upon tissue type. Rinse tissue with 1X PBS to remove excess blood & homogenize in 20ml of 1X PBS (including protease inhibitors) and store overnight at ≤ -20°C. Two freeze-thaw cycles are required to break the cell membranes. To further disrupt the cell membranes you can sonicate the samples. Centrifuge homogenates for 5 mins at 5000xg. Remove the supernatant and assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C.
Tissue lysates	Rinse tissue with PBS, cut into 1-2 mm pieces, and homogenize with a tissue homogenizer in PBS. Add an equal volume of RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitors and lyse tissues at room temperature for 30 minutes with gentle agitation. Centrifuge to remove debris. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Breast Milk	Collect milk samples and centrifuge at 10,000 x g for 60 min at 4°C. Aliquot the supernatant and assay. For long term use, store samples at -80°C. Minimize freeze/thaw cycles.