Product Name:	Human AST / Aspartate Aminotransferase ELISA Kit
Product Code:	HUFI02234
Size:	96 Assays
Alias:	AST
Detection method:	Sandwich ELISA, Double Antibody
Application:	This immunoassay kit allows for the in vitro quantitative determination of Human AST concentrations in serum plasma and other biological fluids.
Sensitivity:	0.188ng/ml
Range:	0.313-20ng/ml
Storage:	4°C for 6 months
Note:	For Research Use Only

Recovery:

Matrices listed below were spiked with certain level of Human AST and the recovery rates were calculated by comparing the measured value to the expected amount of Human AST in samples.

Matrix	Recovery range(%)	Average(%)
serum(n=5)	92-103	98
EDTA plasma(n=5)	86-102	96
UFH plasma(n=5)	85-105	91

Linearity:

The linearity of the kit was assayed by testing samples spiked with appropriate concentration of Human AST and their serial dilutions. The results were demonstrated by the percentage of calculated concentration to the expected.

Sample	1:2	1:4	1:8
serum(n=5)	86-93%	86-98%	89-105%
EDTA plasma(n=5)	88-96%	83-96%	82-94%
UFH plasma(n=5)	82-92%	83-99%	82-94%

CV(%):

Intra-Assay: CV<8%
Inter-Assay: CV<10%

Component	Quantity	Storage
ELISA Microplate (Dismountable)	8×12 strips	4°C for 6 months
Lyophilized Standard	2	4°C/-20°C
Sample/Standard Dilution Buffer	20ml	4°C
Biotin-labeled Antibody(Concentrated)	120ul	4°C (Protect from light)
Antibody Dilution Buffer	10ml	4°C
HRP-Streptavidin Conjugate(SABC)	120ul	4°C (Protect from light)
SABC Dilution Buffer	10ml	4°C
TMB Substrate	10ml	4°C (Protect from light)
Stop Solution	10ml	4°C
Wash Buffer(25X)	30ml	4°C
Plate Sealer	5	-

Other materials and equipment required:

Microplate reader with 450 nm wavelength filter
Multichannel Pipette, Pipette, microcentrifuge tubes and disposable pipette tips
Incubator
Deionized or distilled water
Absorbent paper
Buffer resevoir

Uniprot

P17174

UniProt Protein Function:	GOT1: Plays a key role in amino acid metabolism. Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
UniProt Protein Details:	Protein type:Amino Acid Metabolism - arginine and proline; Transferase; EC 2.6.1.1; Amino Acid Metabolism - phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis; Amino Acid Metabolism - phenylalanine; Amino Acid Metabolism - cysteine and methionine; EC 2.6.1.3; Amino Acid Metabolism - tyrosine; Amino Acid Metabolism - alanine, aspartate and glutamate Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 10q24.1-q25.1 Cellular Component: lysosome; cytoplasm; nerve terminal; cytosol; nucleus Molecular Function:cysteine transaminase activity; carboxylic acid binding; phosphatidylserine decarboxylase activity; aspartate transaminase activity; pyridoxal phosphate binding Biological Process: glutamate metabolic process; oxaloacetate metabolic process; glutamate catabolic process to aspartate; response to glucocorticoid stimulus; aspartate biosynthetic process; glucose metabolic process; pathogenesis; 2-oxoglutarate metabolic process; gluconeogenesis; methionine salvage; cellular response to insulin stimulus; sulfur amino acid metabolic process; glycerol biosynthetic process; fatty acid homeostasis; carbohydrate metabolic process; aspartate catabolic process; aspartate metabolic process; amino acid biosynthetic process; glutamate catabolic process to 2-oxoglutarate; polyamine metabolic process Disease: Aspartate Aminotransferase, Serum Level Of, Quantitative Trait Locus 1
NCBI Summary:	Glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase is a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme which exists in cytoplasmic and mitochondrial forms, GOT1 and GOT2, respectively. GOT plays a role in amino acid metabolism and the urea and tricarboxylic acid cycles. The two enzymes are homodimeric and show close homology. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
UniProt Code:	P17174
NCBI GenInfo Identifier:	5902703
NCBI Gene ID:	2805
NCBI Accession:	P17174.3
UniProt Secondary Accession:	P17174,Q5VW80, B2R6R7, B7Z7E9,
UniProt Related Accession:	P17174
Molecular Weight:	Calculated MW: 44kDa/46kDaObserved MW: 46kDa
NCBI Full Name:	Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic
NCBI Synonym Full Names:	glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 1, soluble
NCBI Official Symbol:	GOT1
NCBI Official Synonym Symbols:	cCAT; GIG18; cAspAT; ASTQTL1
NCBI Protein Information:	aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic; transaminase A; aspartate transaminase 1; aspartate aminotransferase 1; growth-inhibiting protein 18; cysteine transaminase, cytoplasmic; glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 1; cysteine aminotransferase, cytoplasmic
UniProt Protein Name:	Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic
UniProt Synonym Protein Names:	Cysteine aminotransferase, cytoplasmic; Cysteine transaminase, cytoplasmic; cCAT; Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 1; Transaminase A
Protein Family:	Protein transport protein
UniProt Gene Name:	GOT1
UniProt Entry Name:	AATC_HUMAN

*Note: Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.

Before adding to wells, equilibrate the SABC working solution and TMB substrate for at least 30 min at 37°C. When diluting samples and reagents, they must be mixed completely and evenly. It is recommended to plot a standard curve for each test.

Step	Protocol
1.	Set standard, test sample and control (zero) wells on the pre-coated plate respectively, and then, record their positions. It is recommended to measure each standard and sample in duplicate. Wash plate 2 times before adding standard, sample and control (zero) wells!
2.	Aliquot 0.1ml standard solutions into the standard wells.
3.	Add 0.1 ml of Sample / Standard dilution buffer into the control (zero) well.
4.	Add 0.1 ml of properly diluted sample ( Human serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.) into test sample wells.
5.	Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37 °C for 90 min.
6.	Remove the cover and discard the plate content, clap the plate on the absorbent filter papers or other absorbent material. Do NOT let the wells completely dry at any time. Wash plate X2.
7.	Add 0.1 ml of Biotin- detection antibody working solution into the above wells (standard, test sample & zero wells). Add the solution at the bottom of each well without touching the side wall.
8.	Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37°C for 60 min.
9.	Remove the cover, and wash plate 3 times with Wash buffer. Let wash buffer rest in wells for 1 min between each wash.
10.	Add 0.1 ml of SABC working solution into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37°C for 30 min.
11.	Remove the cover and wash plate 5 times with Wash buffer, and each time let the wash buffer stay in the wells for 1-2 min.
12.	Add 90 Âµl of TMB substrate into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37°C in dark within 10-20 min. (Note: This incubation time is for reference use only, the optimal time should be determined by end user.) And the shades of blue can be seen in the first 3-4 wells (with most concentrated standard solutions), the other wells show no obvious color.
13.	Add 50 Âµl of Stop solution into each well and mix thoroughly. The color changes into yellow immediately.
14.	Read the O.D. absorbance at 450 nm in a microplate reader immediately after adding the stop solution.

When carrying out an ELISA assay it is important to prepare your samples in order to achieve the best possible results. Below we have a list of procedures for the preparation of samples for different sample types.

Sample Type	Protocol
Serum	If using serum separator tubes, allow samples to clot for 30 minutes at room temperature. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Collect the serum fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. If serum separator tubes are not being used, allow samples to clot overnight at 2-8°C. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Remove serum and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Plasma	Collect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge samples at 4°C for 15 mins at 1000 × g within 30 mins of collection. Collect the plasma fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Over haemolysed samples are not suitable for use with this kit.
Urine & Cerebrospinal Fluid	Collect the urine (mid-stream) in a sterile container, centrifuge for 20 mins at 2000-3000 rpm. Remove supernatant and assay immediately. If any precipitation is detected, repeat the centrifugation step. A similar protocol can be used for cerebrospinal fluid.
Cell culture supernatant	Collect the cell culture media by pipette, followed by centrifugation at 4°C for 20 mins at 1500 rpm. Collect the clear supernatant and assay immediately.
Cell lysates	Solubilize cells in lysis buffer and allow to sit on ice for 30 minutes. Centrifuge tubes at 14,000 x g for 5 minutes to remove insoluble material. Aliquot the supernatant into a new tube and discard the remaining whole cell extract. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Tissue homogenates	The preparation of tissue homogenates will vary depending upon tissue type. Rinse tissue with 1X PBS to remove excess blood & homogenize in 20ml of 1X PBS (including protease inhibitors) and store overnight at ≤ -20°C. Two freeze-thaw cycles are required to break the cell membranes. To further disrupt the cell membranes you can sonicate the samples. Centrifuge homogenates for 5 mins at 5000xg. Remove the supernatant and assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C.
Tissue lysates	Rinse tissue with PBS, cut into 1-2 mm pieces, and homogenize with a tissue homogenizer in PBS. Add an equal volume of RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitors and lyse tissues at room temperature for 30 minutes with gentle agitation. Centrifuge to remove debris. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Breast Milk	Collect milk samples and centrifuge at 10,000 x g for 60 min at 4°C. Aliquot the supernatant and assay. For long term use, store samples at -80°C. Minimize freeze/thaw cycles.

Illuminating the Multifaceted Role of Acetylation: Bridging Chemistry and Biology Introduction:

Understanding IgA Test: Importance, Procedure, and Interpretation

Biomarker Testing: Advancements, Applications, and Future Directions

Human AST / Aspartate Aminotransferase ELISA Kit

Description