Description
Human Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM1) ELISA Kit
The Human Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (PECAM1) ELISA Kit is a powerful tool for the accurate quantification of PECAM1 levels in human samples such as serum, plasma, and cell culture supernatants. This kit offers high sensitivity and specificity, providing dependable and reproducible data for various research applications.PECAM1, also known as CD31, is a key molecule involved in mediating cell adhesion, migration, and signaling processes. It plays a critical role in endothelial cell function and vascular integrity, making it a vital marker for studying vascular biology, inflammation, and immune responses.
Elevated levels of PECAM1 have been associated with various diseases, including cardiovascular disorders, inflammatory conditions, and cancer, underscoring its importance in disease research and therapeutic development.With the Human PECAM1 ELISA Kit, researchers can accurately measure PECAM1 levels in biological samples, enabling a better understanding of its role in health and disease. This kit provides a comprehensive solution for studying PECAM1 and its implications in various pathophysiological processes.
| Product Name: | Human Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM1) ELISA Kit |
| SKU: | HUEB0334 |
| Size: | 96T |
| Target: | Human Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM1) |
| Synonyms: | EndoCAM, GPIIA', PECA1, CD31, PECAM-1 |
| Assay Type: | Sandwich |
| Detection Method: | ELISA |
| Reactivity: | Human |
| Detection Range: | 78-5000pg/mL |
| Sensitivity: | 31pg/mL |
| Intra CV: | 4.9% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Inter CV: | 8.7% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Linearity: |
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| Recovery: |
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| Function: | Induces susceptibility to atherosclerosis (By similarity). Cell adhesion molecule which is required for leukocyte transendothelial migration (TEM) under most inflammatory conditions. Tyr-690 plays a critical role in TEM and is required for efficient trafficking of PECAM1 to and from the lateral border recycling compartment (LBRC) and is also essential for the LBRC membrane to be targeted around migrating leukocytes. Prevents phagocyte ingestion of closely apposed viable cells by transmitting 'detachment' signals, and changes function on apoptosis, promoting tethering of dying cells to phagocytes (the encounter of a viable cell with a phagocyte via the homophilic interaction of PECAM1 on both cell surfaces leads to the viable cell's active repulsion from the phagocyte. During apoptosis, the inside-out signaling of PECAM1 is somehow disabled so that the apoptotic cell does not actively reject the phagocyte anymore. The lack of this repulsion signal together with the interaction of the eat-me signals and their respective receptors causes the attachment of the apoptotic cell to the phagocyte, thus triggering the process of engulfment). Isoform Delta15 is unable to protect against apoptosis. Modulates BDKRB2 activation. Regulates bradykinin- and hyperosmotic shock-induced ERK1/2 activation in human umbilical cord vein cells (HUVEC). |
| Uniprot: | P16284 |
| Sample Type: | Serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids |
| Specificity: | Natural and recombinant human Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule |
| Sub Unit: | Interacts with PTPN11; Tyr-713 is critical for PTPN11 recruitment. Forms a complex with BDKRB2 and GNAQ. Interacts with BDKRB2 and GNAQ. |
| Research Area: | Cancer |
| Subcellular Location: | Isoform Delta15 Cell junction Localizes to the lateral border recycling compartment (LBRC) and recycles from the LBRC to the junction in resting endothelial cells. |
| Storage: | Please see kit components below for exact storage details |
| Note: | For research use only |
| UniProt Protein Function: | PECAM-1: a cell adhesion molecule expressed on platelets and at endothelial cell intercellular junctions. Plays a role in modulation of integrin-mediated cell adhesion, transendothelial migration, angiogenesis, apoptosis, cell migration, negative regulation of immune cell signaling, autoimmunity, macrophage phagocytosis, IgE-mediated anaphylaxis and thrombosis. Undergoes alternative splicing, generating multiple isoforms in vascular beds of various tissues. |
| UniProt Protein Details: | Protein type:Cell adhesion; Membrane protein, integral Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 17q23.3 Cellular Component: cell junction; extracellular space; integral to membrane; lipid raft; plasma membrane; platelet alpha granule membrane Molecular Function:protein binding Biological Process: blood coagulation; cell adhesion; cell recognition; diapedesis; extracellular matrix organization and biogenesis; leukocyte migration; phagocytosis; platelet activation; platelet degranulation; signal transduction |
| NCBI Summary: | The protein encoded by this gene is found on the surface of platelets, monocytes, neutrophils, and some types of T-cells, and makes up a large portion of endothelial cell intercellular junctions. The encoded protein is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and is likely involved in leukocyte migration, angiogenesis, and integrin activation. [provided by RefSeq, May 2010] |
| UniProt Code: | P16284 |
| NCBI GenInfo Identifier: | 129747 |
| NCBI Gene ID: | 5175 |
| NCBI Accession: | P16284.1 |
| UniProt Secondary Accession: | P16284,Q6LDA9, Q8TBH1, Q96RF5, Q96RF6, Q9NP65, Q9NPB7 Q9NPG9, Q9NQS9, Q9NQT0, A8K3S7, D3DU31, |
| UniProt Related Accession: | P16284 |
| Molecular Weight: | 81,378 Da |
| NCBI Full Name: | Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule |
| NCBI Synonym Full Names: | platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 |
| NCBI Official Symbol: | PECAM1 |
| NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: | CD31; PECA1; GPIIA'; PECAM-1; endoCAM; CD31/EndoCAM |
| NCBI Protein Information: | platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule |
| UniProt Protein Name: | Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule |
| UniProt Synonym Protein Names: | EndoCAM; GPIIA'; PECA1; CD_antigen: CD31 |
| Protein Family: | Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule |
| UniProt Gene Name: | PECAM1 |
| UniProt Entry Name: | PECA1_HUMAN |
| Component | Quantity (96 Assays) | Storage |
| ELISA Microplate (Dismountable) | 8×12 strips | -20°C |
| Lyophilized Standard | 2 | -20°C |
| Sample Diluent | 20ml | -20°C |
| Assay Diluent A | 10mL | -20°C |
| Assay Diluent B | 10mL | -20°C |
| Detection Reagent A | 120µL | -20°C |
| Detection Reagent B | 120µL | -20°C |
| Wash Buffer | 30mL | 4°C |
| Substrate | 10mL | 4°C |
| Stop Solution | 10mL | 4°C |
| Plate Sealer | 5 | - |
Other materials and equipment required:
- Microplate reader with 450 nm wavelength filter
- Multichannel Pipette, Pipette, microcentrifuge tubes and disposable pipette tips
- Incubator
- Deionized or distilled water
- Absorbent paper
- Buffer resevoir
*Note: The below protocol is a sample protocol. Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.
Allow all reagents to reach room temperature (Please do not dissolve the reagents at 37°C directly). All the reagents should be mixed thoroughly by gently swirling before pipetting. Avoid foaming. Keep appropriate numbers of strips for 1 experiment and remove extra strips from microtiter plate. Removed strips should be resealed and stored at -20°C until the kits expiry date. Prepare all reagents, working standards and samples as directed in the previous sections. Please predict the concentration before assaying. If values for these are not within the range of the standard curve, users must determine the optimal sample dilutions for their experiments. We recommend running all samples in duplicate.
| Step | |
| 1. | Add Sample: Add 100µL of Standard, Blank, or Sample per well. The blank well is added with Sample diluent. Solutions are added to the bottom of micro ELISA plate well, avoid inside wall touching and foaming as possible. Mix it gently. Cover the plate with sealer we provided. Incubate for 120 minutes at 37°C. |
| 2. | Remove the liquid from each well, don't wash. Add 100µL of Detection Reagent A working solution to each well. Cover with the Plate sealer. Gently tap the plate to ensure thorough mixing. Incubate for 1 hour at 37°C. Note: if Detection Reagent A appears cloudy warm to room temperature until solution is uniform. |
| 3. | Aspirate each well and wash, repeating the process three times. Wash by filling each well with Wash Buffer (approximately 400µL) (a squirt bottle, multi-channel pipette,manifold dispenser or automated washer are needed). Complete removal of liquid at each step is essential. After the last wash, completely remove remaining Wash Buffer by aspirating or decanting. Invert the plate and pat it against thick clean absorbent paper. |
| 4. | Add 100µL of Detection Reagent B working solution to each well. Cover with the Plate sealer. Incubate for 60 minutes at 37°C. |
| 5. | Repeat the wash process for five times as conducted in step 3. |
| 6. | Add 90µL of Substrate Solution to each well. Cover with a new Plate sealer and incubate for 10-20 minutes at 37°C. Protect the plate from light. The reaction time can be shortened or extended according to the actual color change, but this should not exceed more than 30 minutes. When apparent gradient appears in standard wells, user should terminatethe reaction. |
| 7. | Add 50µL of Stop Solution to each well. If color change does not appear uniform, gently tap the plate to ensure thorough mixing. |
| 8. | Determine the optical density (OD value) of each well at once, using a micro-plate reader set to 450 nm. User should open the micro-plate reader in advance, preheat the instrument, and set the testing parameters. |
| 9. | After experiment, store all reagents according to the specified storage temperature respectively until their expiry. |
When carrying out an ELISA assay it is important to prepare your samples in order to achieve the best possible results. Below we have a list of procedures for the preparation of samples for different sample types.
| Sample Type | Protocol |
| Serum | If using serum separator tubes, allow samples to clot for 30 minutes at room temperature. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Collect the serum fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. If serum separator tubes are not being used, allow samples to clot overnight at 2-8°C. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Remove serum and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. |
| Plasma | Collect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge samples at 4°C for 15 mins at 1000 × g within 30 mins of collection. Collect the plasma fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Over haemolysed samples are not suitable for use with this kit. |
| Urine & Cerebrospinal Fluid | Collect the urine (mid-stream) in a sterile container, centrifuge for 20 mins at 2000-3000 rpm. Remove supernatant and assay immediately. If any precipitation is detected, repeat the centrifugation step. A similar protocol can be used for cerebrospinal fluid. |
| Cell culture supernatant | Collect the cell culture media by pipette, followed by centrifugation at 4°C for 20 mins at 1500 rpm. Collect the clear supernatant and assay immediately. |
| Cell lysates | Solubilize cells in lysis buffer and allow to sit on ice for 30 minutes. Centrifuge tubes at 14,000 x g for 5 minutes to remove insoluble material. Aliquot the supernatant into a new tube and discard the remaining whole cell extract. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C. |
| Tissue homogenates | The preparation of tissue homogenates will vary depending upon tissue type. Rinse tissue with 1X PBS to remove excess blood & homogenize in 20ml of 1X PBS (including protease inhibitors) and store overnight at ≤ -20°C. Two freeze-thaw cycles are required to break the cell membranes. To further disrupt the cell membranes you can sonicate the samples. Centrifuge homogenates for 5 mins at 5000xg. Remove the supernatant and assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C. |
| Tissue lysates | Rinse tissue with PBS, cut into 1-2 mm pieces, and homogenize with a tissue homogenizer in PBS. Add an equal volume of RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitors and lyse tissues at room temperature for 30 minutes with gentle agitation. Centrifuge to remove debris. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C. |
| Breast Milk | Collect milk samples and centrifuge at 10,000 x g for 60 min at 4°C. Aliquot the supernatant and assay. For long term use, store samples at -80°C. Minimize freeze/thaw cycles. |
