Product Name:	Human Smad7 / MADH7 ELISA Kit
Product Code:	HUFI00754
Size:	96 Assays
Alias:	Smad7, MADH7, Mothers Against Decapentaplegic Homolog 7, MADH8, CRCS3, hSMAD7, MAD homolog 7, MAD homolog 8, MAD, mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 7, Drosophila, Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 8
Detection method:	Sandwich ELISA, Double Antibody
Application:	This immunoassay kit allows for the in vitro quantitative determination of Human Smad7/MADH7 concentrations in serum plasma and other biological fluids.
Sensitivity:	0.094ng/ml
Range:	0.156-10ng/ml
Storage:	4°C for 6 months
Note:	For Research Use Only

Recovery:

Matrices listed below were spiked with certain level of Human Smad7/MADH7 and the recovery rates were calculated by comparing the measured value to the expected amount of Human Smad7/MADH7 in samples.

Matrix	Recovery range(%)	Average(%)
serum(n=5)	85-103	95
EDTA plasma(n=5)	90-105	97
UFH plasma(n=5)	88-97	94

Linearity:

The linearity of the kit was assayed by testing samples spiked with appropriate concentration of Human Smad7/MADH7 and their serial dilutions. The results were demonstrated by the percentage of calculated concentration to the expected.

Sample	1:2	1:4	1:8
serum(n=5)	89-103%	86-95%	87-104%
EDTA plasma(n=5)	83-93%	82-97%	82-89%
UFH plasma(n=5)	86-99%	83-95%	81-94%

CV(%):

Intra-Assay: CV<8%
Inter-Assay: CV<10%

Component	Quantity	Storage
ELISA Microplate (Dismountable)	8×12 strips	4°C for 6 months
Lyophilized Standard	2	4°C/-20°C
Sample/Standard Dilution Buffer	20ml	4°C
Biotin-labeled Antibody(Concentrated)	120ul	4°C (Protect from light)
Antibody Dilution Buffer	10ml	4°C
HRP-Streptavidin Conjugate(SABC)	120ul	4°C (Protect from light)
SABC Dilution Buffer	10ml	4°C
TMB Substrate	10ml	4°C (Protect from light)
Stop Solution	10ml	4°C
Wash Buffer(25X)	30ml	4°C
Plate Sealer	5	-

Other materials and equipment required:

Microplate reader with 450 nm wavelength filter
Multichannel Pipette, Pipette, microcentrifuge tubes and disposable pipette tips
Incubator
Deionized or distilled water
Absorbent paper
Buffer resevoir

Uniprot

O15105

UniProt Protein Function:	SMAD7: Antagonist of signaling by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) type 1 receptor superfamily members; has been shown to inhibit TGF-beta (Transforming growth factor) and activin signaling by associating with their receptors thus preventing SMAD2 access. Functions as an adapter to recruit SMURF2 to the TGF-beta receptor complex. Also acts by recruiting the PPP1R15A- PP1 complex to TGFBR1, which promotes its dephosphorylation. Positively regulates PDPK1 kinase activity by stimulating its dissociation from the 14-3-3 protein YWHAQ which acts as a negative regulator. Genetic variations in SMAD7 influence susceptibility to colorectal cancer type 3 (CRCS3). Colorectal cancer consists of tumors or cancer of either the colon or rectum or both. Cancers of the large intestine are the second most common form of cancer found in males and females. Symptoms include rectal bleeding, occult blood in stools, bowel obstruction and weight loss. Treatment is based largely on the extent of cancer penetration into the intestinal wall. Surgical cures are possible if the malignancy is confined to the intestine. Risk can be reduced when following a diet which is low in fat and high in fiber. Belongs to the dwarfin/SMAD family.
UniProt Protein Details:	Protein type:Transcription factor; DNA-binding Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 18q21.1 Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; transcription factor complex; protein complex; cell-cell adherens junction; cytoplasm; plasma membrane; catenin complex; cytosol; nucleus Molecular Function:collagen binding; protein binding; metal ion binding; ubiquitin protein ligase binding; beta-catenin binding; activin binding; transforming growth factor beta receptor, inhibitory cytoplasmic mediator activity; transcription factor activity Biological Process: transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter; protein stabilization; transcription, DNA-dependent; negative regulation of transcription factor activity; negative regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; regulation of activin receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway; BMP signaling pathway; regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway; ureteric bud development; positive regulation of protein ubiquitination; positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion; negative regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity; artery morphogenesis; ventricular cardiac muscle morphogenesis; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; negative regulation of protein ubiquitination; gene expression; negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of cell migration Disease: Colorectal Cancer, Susceptibility To, 3
NCBI Summary:	The protein encoded by this gene is a nuclear protein that binds the E3 ubiquitin ligase SMURF2. Upon binding, this complex translocates to the cytoplasm, where it interacts with TGF-beta receptor type-1 (TGFBR1), leading to the degradation of both the encoded protein and TGFBR1. Expression of this gene is induced by TGFBR1. Variations in this gene are a cause of susceptibility to colorectal cancer type 3 (CRCS3). Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq]
UniProt Code:	O15105
NCBI GenInfo Identifier:	18418630
NCBI Gene ID:	4092
NCBI Accession:
UniProt Secondary Accession:	O15105,O14740, Q6DK23,
UniProt Related Accession:	O15105
Molecular Weight:	46,426 Da
NCBI Full Name:	Smad7
NCBI Synonym Full Names:	SMAD family member 7
NCBI Official Symbol:	SMAD7
NCBI Official Synonym Symbols:	CRCS3; MADH7; MADH8; FLJ16482
NCBI Protein Information:	mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 7; hSMAD7; MAD homolog 8; OTTHUMP00000163490; mothers against DPP homolog 8; SMAD, mothers against DPP homolog 7; Mothers against decapentaplegic, drosophila, homolog of, 7; MAD (mothers against decapentaplegic, Drosophila) homolog 7
UniProt Protein Name:	Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 7
UniProt Synonym Protein Names:	Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 8; MAD homolog 8; Mothers against DPP homolog 8; SMAD family member 7
Protein Family:	Mothers against decapentaplegic
UniProt Gene Name:	SMAD7
UniProt Entry Name:	SMAD7_HUMAN

*Note: Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.

Before adding to wells, equilibrate the SABC working solution and TMB substrate for at least 30 min at 37°C. When diluting samples and reagents, they must be mixed completely and evenly. It is recommended to plot a standard curve for each test.

Step	Protocol
1.	Set standard, test sample and control (zero) wells on the pre-coated plate respectively, and then, record their positions. It is recommended to measure each standard and sample in duplicate. Wash plate 2 times before adding standard, sample and control (zero) wells!
2.	Aliquot 0.1ml standard solutions into the standard wells.
3.	Add 0.1 ml of Sample / Standard dilution buffer into the control (zero) well.
4.	Add 0.1 ml of properly diluted sample ( Human serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.) into test sample wells.
5.	Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37 °C for 90 min.
6.	Remove the cover and discard the plate content, clap the plate on the absorbent filter papers or other absorbent material. Do NOT let the wells completely dry at any time. Wash plate X2.
7.	Add 0.1 ml of Biotin- detection antibody working solution into the above wells (standard, test sample & zero wells). Add the solution at the bottom of each well without touching the side wall.
8.	Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37°C for 60 min.
9.	Remove the cover, and wash plate 3 times with Wash buffer. Let wash buffer rest in wells for 1 min between each wash.
10.	Add 0.1 ml of SABC working solution into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37°C for 30 min.
11.	Remove the cover and wash plate 5 times with Wash buffer, and each time let the wash buffer stay in the wells for 1-2 min.
12.	Add 90 Âµl of TMB substrate into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37°C in dark within 10-20 min. (Note: This incubation time is for reference use only, the optimal time should be determined by end user.) And the shades of blue can be seen in the first 3-4 wells (with most concentrated standard solutions), the other wells show no obvious color.
13.	Add 50 Âµl of Stop solution into each well and mix thoroughly. The color changes into yellow immediately.
14.	Read the O.D. absorbance at 450 nm in a microplate reader immediately after adding the stop solution.

When carrying out an ELISA assay it is important to prepare your samples in order to achieve the best possible results. Below we have a list of procedures for the preparation of samples for different sample types.

Sample Type	Protocol
Serum	If using serum separator tubes, allow samples to clot for 30 minutes at room temperature. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Collect the serum fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. If serum separator tubes are not being used, allow samples to clot overnight at 2-8°C. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Remove serum and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Plasma	Collect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge samples at 4°C for 15 mins at 1000 × g within 30 mins of collection. Collect the plasma fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Over haemolysed samples are not suitable for use with this kit.
Urine & Cerebrospinal Fluid	Collect the urine (mid-stream) in a sterile container, centrifuge for 20 mins at 2000-3000 rpm. Remove supernatant and assay immediately. If any precipitation is detected, repeat the centrifugation step. A similar protocol can be used for cerebrospinal fluid.
Cell culture supernatant	Collect the cell culture media by pipette, followed by centrifugation at 4°C for 20 mins at 1500 rpm. Collect the clear supernatant and assay immediately.
Cell lysates	Solubilize cells in lysis buffer and allow to sit on ice for 30 minutes. Centrifuge tubes at 14,000 x g for 5 minutes to remove insoluble material. Aliquot the supernatant into a new tube and discard the remaining whole cell extract. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Tissue homogenates	The preparation of tissue homogenates will vary depending upon tissue type. Rinse tissue with 1X PBS to remove excess blood & homogenize in 20ml of 1X PBS (including protease inhibitors) and store overnight at ≤ -20°C. Two freeze-thaw cycles are required to break the cell membranes. To further disrupt the cell membranes you can sonicate the samples. Centrifuge homogenates for 5 mins at 5000xg. Remove the supernatant and assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C.
Tissue lysates	Rinse tissue with PBS, cut into 1-2 mm pieces, and homogenize with a tissue homogenizer in PBS. Add an equal volume of RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitors and lyse tissues at room temperature for 30 minutes with gentle agitation. Centrifuge to remove debris. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Breast Milk	Collect milk samples and centrifuge at 10,000 x g for 60 min at 4°C. Aliquot the supernatant and assay. For long term use, store samples at -80°C. Minimize freeze/thaw cycles.