Immunohistochemistry analysis using Rabbit Anti-TLR4 Polyclonal Antibody (STPA00040). Tissue: colon colitis. Species: Mouse. Fixation: Formalin. Primary Antibody: Rabbit Anti-TLR4 Polyclonal Antibody (STPA00040) at 1:100000 for 12 hours at 4°C. Secondary Antibody: Biotin Goat Anti-Rabbit at 1:2000 for 1 hour at RT. Counterstain: Methyl Green at 200uL for 2 min at RT. Localization: Inflammatory cells.
TLR4 Antibody is a rabbit polyclonal antibody directed against TLR4, offered by Assay Genie for research applications. Reported applications include WB, IHC, ICC/IF, FCM and FACS. Reported reactivity: Human and Mouse. Purified by Protein A.
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a transmembrane pattern recognition receptor and a central component of the innate immune system. Structurally, TLR4 is defined by extracellular leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) and a cytoplasmic Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain, which mediates downstream signaling through adaptor proteins such as MyD88 and TRIF. Among the ten known human TLRs (TLR1–TLR10), TLR4 is one of the most extensively studied, particularly for its role in recognizing lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative bacteria. In the central nervous system, TLR4 is expressed on microglia, astrocytes, and neurons, where it serves as a critical sensor of both pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Activation of TLR4 triggers pro-inflammatory signaling cascades, leading to the release of cytokines, chemokines, and reactive oxygen species. Mounting evidence implicates TLR4 in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Chronic TLR4 activation contributes to sustained neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, and neuronal loss. Moreover, TLR4 may mediate the brain’s response to misfolded proteins like amyloid-β and α-synuclein, linking innate immunity to proteinopathy-driven neurodegeneration. Given its dual role in host defense and neuroinflammatory signaling, TLR4 is a promising therapeutic target for modulating immune responses and mitigating neurodegenerative progression. This antibody is also available conjugated to ATTO 390, ATTO 488, ATTO 594, APC, Biotin, FITC, HRP, PerCP and RPE. Supplied in 100 µg. For research use only; not for diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.
Store at -20°C. Shipped on Blue Ice or 4°C. Conjugated variants should be stored according to the product label.
Format:
Liquid
Applications:
WB, IHC, ICC/IF, FCM, FACS
Purification:
Protein A Purified
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Reactivity:
Human, Mouse
Recommended Dilution:
WB (1:500), IHC (1:50); optimal dilutions for assays should be determined by the user.
Specificity:
Detects ~75-80kDa when tested against partial recombinant mouse TLR4 (extra-cellular portion plus His-tag).
Guarantee:
12 months from date of dispatch
Immunogen:
Developed against a synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acids 420-435 of human TLR4
Immunogen Species:
Human
Accession Number:
NP_612564.1
Gene ID:
7099
Swiss-Prot:
O00206
Cellular Localization:
Membrane
Alternative Names:
ARMD10, CD284, TLR 4, TOLL, Toll like receptor 4
References:
1. Muzio M., Natoli G., Saccan S., Levrero M., and Mantovani A. (1998) J. Exp. Med. 187: 2097-2101. 2. Medzhitov R. and Janeway C.A (1997) Cell. 91: 295-298. 3. Chuang T.H. and Ulevitch R.J. (2001) Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1518(1-2): 157-161. 4. Takeuchi O., et al. (1999) Immunity. 11: 443. 5. Poltorak A., Riccardi-Castagnoli P., Citterio S., and Butler B. (2000) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA. 97: 2163-2167. 6. Medzhitov R., Preston-Hurlburt P. and Janeway C.A. (1997) Jr. Nature. 388(6640): 394-397.
