Description
Human Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) ELISA Kit
The Human Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) ELISA Kit is a powerful tool for the accurate quantification of MIF levels in human serum, plasma, and cell culture supernatants. This kit is highly specific and sensitive, ensuring precise and reproducible results for a variety of research applications.Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor is a key cytokine involved in immune responses and inflammation regulation.
It plays a crucial role in various physiological and pathological processes, including autoimmune diseases, infections, and cancer. The MIF ELISA Kit provides researchers with valuable insights into the role of MIF in these conditions, aiding in the development of targeted therapies and biomarkers for disease diagnosis and monitoring.
| Product Name: | Human Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) ELISA Kit |
| SKU: | HUEB0811 |
| Size: | 96T |
| Target: | Human Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) |
| Synonyms: | Glycosylation-inhibiting factor, L-dopachrome isomerase, L-dopachrome tautomerase, Phenylpyruvate tautomerase, GIF, MIF, GLIF, MMIF |
| Assay Type: | Sandwich |
| Detection Method: | ELISA |
| Reactivity: | Human |
| Detection Range: | 0.312-20ng/mL |
| Sensitivity: | 0.12ng/mL |
| Intra CV: | 3.8% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Inter CV: | 7.5% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Linearity: |
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| Recovery: |
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| Function: | Pro-inflammatory cytokine. Involved in the innate immune response to bacterial pathogens. The expression of MIF at sites of inflammation suggests a role as mediator in regulating the function of macrophages in host defense. Counteracts the anti-inflammatory activity of glucocorticoids. Has phenylpyruvate tautomerase and dopachrome tautomerase activity (in vitro), but the physiological substrate is not known. It is not clear whether the tautomerase activity has any physiological relevance, and whether it is important for cytokine activity. |
| Uniprot: | P14174 |
| Sample Type: | Serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids |
| Specificity: | Natural and recombinant human Macrophage migration inhibitory factor |
| Sub Unit: | Homotrimer. Interacts with CXCR2 extracellular domain (By similarity). Interacts with the CD74 extracellular domain, COPS5 and BNIPL. |
| Research Area: | Immunology |
| Subcellular Location: | Secreted Cytoplasm Does not have a cleavable signal sequence and is secreted via a specialized, non-classical pathway. Secreted by macrophages upon stimulation by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or by M.tuberculosis antigens. |
| Storage: | Please see kit components below for exact storage details |
| Note: | For research use only |
| UniProt Protein Function: | MIF: a lymphokine involved in cell-mediated immunity, immunoregulation, and inflammation. It plays a role in the regulation of macrophage function in host defense through the suppression of anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids. This lymphokine and the JAB1 protein form a complex in the cytosol near the peripheral plasma membrane, which may indicate an additional role in integrin signaling pathways. Also acts as a phenylpyruvate tautomerase. |
| UniProt Protein Details: | Protein type:EC 5.3.2.1; Isomerase; EC 5.3.3.12; Amino Acid Metabolism - tyrosine; Cell development/differentiation; Cytokine; Apoptosis; Amino Acid Metabolism - phenylalanine Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 22q11.23 Cellular Component: cell surface; cytoplasm; extracellular region; extracellular space; myelin sheath; nucleoplasm; vesicle Molecular Function:chemoattractant activity; cytokine activity; dopachrome isomerase activity; hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor binding; phenylpyruvate tautomerase activity; protein binding; receptor binding Biological Process: blood coagulation; carboxylic acid metabolic process; cell aging; cell proliferation; cell surface receptor linked signal transduction; DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator; inflammatory response; innate immune response; leukocyte migration; negative regulation of apoptosis; negative regulation of cellular protein metabolic process; negative regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator; negative regulation of mature B cell apoptosis; negative regulation of myeloid cell apoptosis; positive chemotaxis; positive regulation of B cell proliferation; positive regulation of cytokine secretion; positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation; positive regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway; positive regulation of MAP kinase activity; positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; positive regulation of phosphorylation; prostaglandin biosynthetic process; regulation of macrophage activation Disease: Rheumatoid Arthritis, Systemic Juvenile |
| NCBI Summary: | This gene encodes a lymphokine involved in cell-mediated immunity, immunoregulation, and inflammation. It plays a role in the regulation of macrophage function in host defense through the suppression of anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids. This lymphokine and the JAB1 protein form a complex in the cytosol near the peripheral plasma membrane, which may indicate an additional role in integrin signaling pathways. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] |
| UniProt Code: | P14174 |
| NCBI GenInfo Identifier: | 1170955 |
| NCBI Gene ID: | 4282 |
| NCBI Accession: | P14174.4 |
| UniProt Secondary Accession: | P14174,Q2V4Y5, Q6FHV0, A5Z1R8, B2R4S3, |
| UniProt Related Accession: | P14174 |
| Molecular Weight: | 12,476 Da |
| NCBI Full Name: | Macrophage migration inhibitory factor |
| NCBI Synonym Full Names: | macrophage migration inhibitory factor (glycosylation-inhibiting factor) |
| NCBI Official Symbol: | MIF |
| NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: | GIF; GLIF; MMIF |
| NCBI Protein Information: | macrophage migration inhibitory factor |
| UniProt Protein Name: | Macrophage migration inhibitory factor |
| UniProt Synonym Protein Names: | Glycosylation-inhibiting factor; GIF; L-dopachrome isomerase; L-dopachrome tautomerase (EC:5.3.3.12); Phenylpyruvate tautomerase |
| Protein Family: | MIF-like protein |
| UniProt Gene Name: | MIF |
| UniProt Entry Name: | MIF_HUMAN |
| Component | Quantity (96 Assays) | Storage |
| ELISA Microplate (Dismountable) | 8×12 strips | -20°C |
| Lyophilized Standard | 2 | -20°C |
| Sample Diluent | 20ml | -20°C |
| Assay Diluent A | 10mL | -20°C |
| Assay Diluent B | 10mL | -20°C |
| Detection Reagent A | 120µL | -20°C |
| Detection Reagent B | 120µL | -20°C |
| Wash Buffer | 30mL | 4°C |
| Substrate | 10mL | 4°C |
| Stop Solution | 10mL | 4°C |
| Plate Sealer | 5 | - |
Other materials and equipment required:
- Microplate reader with 450 nm wavelength filter
- Multichannel Pipette, Pipette, microcentrifuge tubes and disposable pipette tips
- Incubator
- Deionized or distilled water
- Absorbent paper
- Buffer resevoir
*Note: The below protocol is a sample protocol. Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.
Allow all reagents to reach room temperature (Please do not dissolve the reagents at 37°C directly). All the reagents should be mixed thoroughly by gently swirling before pipetting. Avoid foaming. Keep appropriate numbers of strips for 1 experiment and remove extra strips from microtiter plate. Removed strips should be resealed and stored at -20°C until the kits expiry date. Prepare all reagents, working standards and samples as directed in the previous sections. Please predict the concentration before assaying. If values for these are not within the range of the standard curve, users must determine the optimal sample dilutions for their experiments. We recommend running all samples in duplicate.
| Step | |
| 1. | Add Sample: Add 100µL of Standard, Blank, or Sample per well. The blank well is added with Sample diluent. Solutions are added to the bottom of micro ELISA plate well, avoid inside wall touching and foaming as possible. Mix it gently. Cover the plate with sealer we provided. Incubate for 120 minutes at 37°C. |
| 2. | Remove the liquid from each well, don't wash. Add 100µL of Detection Reagent A working solution to each well. Cover with the Plate sealer. Gently tap the plate to ensure thorough mixing. Incubate for 1 hour at 37°C. Note: if Detection Reagent A appears cloudy warm to room temperature until solution is uniform. |
| 3. | Aspirate each well and wash, repeating the process three times. Wash by filling each well with Wash Buffer (approximately 400µL) (a squirt bottle, multi-channel pipette,manifold dispenser or automated washer are needed). Complete removal of liquid at each step is essential. After the last wash, completely remove remaining Wash Buffer by aspirating or decanting. Invert the plate and pat it against thick clean absorbent paper. |
| 4. | Add 100µL of Detection Reagent B working solution to each well. Cover with the Plate sealer. Incubate for 60 minutes at 37°C. |
| 5. | Repeat the wash process for five times as conducted in step 3. |
| 6. | Add 90µL of Substrate Solution to each well. Cover with a new Plate sealer and incubate for 10-20 minutes at 37°C. Protect the plate from light. The reaction time can be shortened or extended according to the actual color change, but this should not exceed more than 30 minutes. When apparent gradient appears in standard wells, user should terminatethe reaction. |
| 7. | Add 50µL of Stop Solution to each well. If color change does not appear uniform, gently tap the plate to ensure thorough mixing. |
| 8. | Determine the optical density (OD value) of each well at once, using a micro-plate reader set to 450 nm. User should open the micro-plate reader in advance, preheat the instrument, and set the testing parameters. |
| 9. | After experiment, store all reagents according to the specified storage temperature respectively until their expiry. |
When carrying out an ELISA assay it is important to prepare your samples in order to achieve the best possible results. Below we have a list of procedures for the preparation of samples for different sample types.
| Sample Type | Protocol |
| Serum | If using serum separator tubes, allow samples to clot for 30 minutes at room temperature. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Collect the serum fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. If serum separator tubes are not being used, allow samples to clot overnight at 2-8°C. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Remove serum and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. |
| Plasma | Collect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge samples at 4°C for 15 mins at 1000 × g within 30 mins of collection. Collect the plasma fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Over haemolysed samples are not suitable for use with this kit. |
| Urine & Cerebrospinal Fluid | Collect the urine (mid-stream) in a sterile container, centrifuge for 20 mins at 2000-3000 rpm. Remove supernatant and assay immediately. If any precipitation is detected, repeat the centrifugation step. A similar protocol can be used for cerebrospinal fluid. |
| Cell culture supernatant | Collect the cell culture media by pipette, followed by centrifugation at 4°C for 20 mins at 1500 rpm. Collect the clear supernatant and assay immediately. |
| Cell lysates | Solubilize cells in lysis buffer and allow to sit on ice for 30 minutes. Centrifuge tubes at 14,000 x g for 5 minutes to remove insoluble material. Aliquot the supernatant into a new tube and discard the remaining whole cell extract. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C. |
| Tissue homogenates | The preparation of tissue homogenates will vary depending upon tissue type. Rinse tissue with 1X PBS to remove excess blood & homogenize in 20ml of 1X PBS (including protease inhibitors) and store overnight at ≤ -20°C. Two freeze-thaw cycles are required to break the cell membranes. To further disrupt the cell membranes you can sonicate the samples. Centrifuge homogenates for 5 mins at 5000xg. Remove the supernatant and assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C. |
| Tissue lysates | Rinse tissue with PBS, cut into 1-2 mm pieces, and homogenize with a tissue homogenizer in PBS. Add an equal volume of RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitors and lyse tissues at room temperature for 30 minutes with gentle agitation. Centrifuge to remove debris. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C. |
| Breast Milk | Collect milk samples and centrifuge at 10,000 x g for 60 min at 4°C. Aliquot the supernatant and assay. For long term use, store samples at -80°C. Minimize freeze/thaw cycles. |
