Description
Human Glutaredoxin-3 (GLRX3) ELISA Kit
The Human Glutaredoxin 3 (GLRX3) ELISA Kit is a cutting-edge tool for accurately measuring levels of GLRX3 in human samples including serum, plasma, and cell culture supernatants. With its superior sensitivity and specificity, this kit delivers dependable and consistent results, making it a valuable asset for various research endeavors.GLRX3 is a vital protein crucial for maintaining cellular redox homeostasis, playing a pivotal role in antioxidant defense mechanisms.
Dysregulation of GLRX3 has been linked to a range of diseases including cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions, highlighting its significance as a biomarker for disease studies and potential therapeutic interventions.Don't miss out on the opportunity to explore the multifaceted role of GLRX3 in health and disease with the Human Glutaredoxin 3 (GLRX3) ELISA Kit from Assay Genie.
| Product Name: | Human Glutaredoxin-3 (GLRX3) ELISA Kit |
| SKU: | HUEB0698 |
| Size: | 96T |
| Target: | Human Glutaredoxin-3 (GLRX3) |
| Synonyms: | PKC-interacting cousin of thioredoxin, PKC-theta-interacting protein, Thioredoxin-like protein 2, PICOT, PKCq-interacting protein, HUSSY-22, PICOT, TXNL2 |
| Assay Type: | Sandwich |
| Detection Method: | ELISA |
| Reactivity: | Human |
| Detection Range: | 0.312-20ng/mL |
| Sensitivity: | 0.12ng/mL |
| Intra CV: | 5.4% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Inter CV: | 9.8% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Linearity: |
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| Recovery: |
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| Function: | Together with BOLA2, acts as a cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster assembly factor that facilitates [2Fe-2S] cluster insertion into a subset of cytosolic proteins (PubMed:26613676, PubMed:27519415). Acts as a critical negative regulator of cardiac hypertrophy and a positive inotropic regulator (By similarity). Required for hemoglobin maturation (PubMed:23615448). Does not posses any thyoredoxin activity since it lacks the conserved motif that is essential for catalytic activity. |
| Uniprot: | O76003 |
| Sample Type: | Serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids |
| Specificity: | Natural and recombinant human Glutaredoxin-3 |
| Sub Unit: | Homodimer; the homodimer is independent of 2Fe-2S clusters (PubMed:27519415). Heterotrimer; forms a heterotrimeric complex composed by two BOLA2 molecules and one GLRX3 molecule; linked by [2Fe-2S] clusters (PubMed:22309771, PubMed:26613676, PubMed:27519415). Interacts (via N-terminus) with PRKCQ/PKC-theta (PubMed:10636891). Interacts (via C-terminus) with CSRP3 (By similarity). Interacts with CSRP2. |
| Research Area: | Epigenetics |
| Subcellular Location: | Cytoplasm Cytosol Cytoplasm Cell cortex Cytoplasm Myofibril Sarcomere Z line Under the plasma membrane (By similarity). After PMA stimulation, GLRX3 and PRKCQ/PKC-theta translocate to a more extended submembrane area (By similarity). In the Z line, found associated with CSRP3 (By similarity). |
| Storage: | Please see kit components below for exact storage details |
| Note: | For research use only |
| UniProt Protein Function: | GLRX3: Critical negative regulator of cardiac hypertrophy and a positive inotropic regulator. May play a role in regulating the function of the thioredoxin system. Does not posses any thyoredoxin activity since it lacks the conserved motif that is essential for catalytic activity. |
| UniProt Protein Details: | Protein type:Oxidoreductase Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 10q26 Cellular Component: cell cortex; Z disc Molecular Function:protein binding; electron carrier activity; protein kinase C binding; metal ion binding; iron-sulfur cluster binding; protein disulfide oxidoreductase activity Biological Process: cell redox homeostasis; regulation of the force of heart contraction |
| NCBI Summary: | This gene encodes a member of the glutaredoxin family. Glutaredoxins are oxidoreductase enzymes that reduce a variety of substrates using glutathione as a cofactor. The encoded protein binds to and modulates the function of protein kinase C theta. The encoded protein may also inhibit apoptosis and play a role in cellular growth, and the expression of this gene may be a marker for cancer. Pseudogenes of this gene are located on the short arm of chromosomes 6 and 9. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010] |
| UniProt Code: | O76003 |
| NCBI GenInfo Identifier: | 37087933 |
| NCBI Gene ID: | 10539 |
| NCBI Accession: | O76003.2 |
| UniProt Related Accession: | O76003 |
| Molecular Weight: | Observed: 37 kDaPredicted: 38 kDa |
| NCBI Full Name: | Glutaredoxin-3 |
| NCBI Synonym Full Names: | glutaredoxin 3 |
| NCBI Official Symbol: | GLRX3 |
| NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: | GRX3; GRX4; GLRX4; PICOT; TXNL2; TXNL3 |
| NCBI Protein Information: | glutaredoxin-3 |
| UniProt Protein Name: | Glutaredoxin-3 |
| UniProt Synonym Protein Names: | PKC-interacting cousin of thioredoxin; PICOT; PKC-theta-interacting protein; PKCq-interacting protein; Thioredoxin-like protein 2 |
| Protein Family: | Glutaredoxin |
| UniProt Gene Name: | GLRX3 |
| UniProt Entry Name: | GLRX3_HUMAN |
| Component | Quantity (96 Assays) | Storage |
| ELISA Microplate (Dismountable) | 8×12 strips | -20°C |
| Lyophilized Standard | 2 | -20°C |
| Sample Diluent | 20ml | -20°C |
| Assay Diluent A | 10mL | -20°C |
| Assay Diluent B | 10mL | -20°C |
| Detection Reagent A | 120µL | -20°C |
| Detection Reagent B | 120µL | -20°C |
| Wash Buffer | 30mL | 4°C |
| Substrate | 10mL | 4°C |
| Stop Solution | 10mL | 4°C |
| Plate Sealer | 5 | - |
Other materials and equipment required:
- Microplate reader with 450 nm wavelength filter
- Multichannel Pipette, Pipette, microcentrifuge tubes and disposable pipette tips
- Incubator
- Deionized or distilled water
- Absorbent paper
- Buffer resevoir
*Note: The below protocol is a sample protocol. Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.
Allow all reagents to reach room temperature (Please do not dissolve the reagents at 37°C directly). All the reagents should be mixed thoroughly by gently swirling before pipetting. Avoid foaming. Keep appropriate numbers of strips for 1 experiment and remove extra strips from microtiter plate. Removed strips should be resealed and stored at -20°C until the kits expiry date. Prepare all reagents, working standards and samples as directed in the previous sections. Please predict the concentration before assaying. If values for these are not within the range of the standard curve, users must determine the optimal sample dilutions for their experiments. We recommend running all samples in duplicate.
| Step | |
| 1. | Add Sample: Add 100µL of Standard, Blank, or Sample per well. The blank well is added with Sample diluent. Solutions are added to the bottom of micro ELISA plate well, avoid inside wall touching and foaming as possible. Mix it gently. Cover the plate with sealer we provided. Incubate for 120 minutes at 37°C. |
| 2. | Remove the liquid from each well, don't wash. Add 100µL of Detection Reagent A working solution to each well. Cover with the Plate sealer. Gently tap the plate to ensure thorough mixing. Incubate for 1 hour at 37°C. Note: if Detection Reagent A appears cloudy warm to room temperature until solution is uniform. |
| 3. | Aspirate each well and wash, repeating the process three times. Wash by filling each well with Wash Buffer (approximately 400µL) (a squirt bottle, multi-channel pipette,manifold dispenser or automated washer are needed). Complete removal of liquid at each step is essential. After the last wash, completely remove remaining Wash Buffer by aspirating or decanting. Invert the plate and pat it against thick clean absorbent paper. |
| 4. | Add 100µL of Detection Reagent B working solution to each well. Cover with the Plate sealer. Incubate for 60 minutes at 37°C. |
| 5. | Repeat the wash process for five times as conducted in step 3. |
| 6. | Add 90µL of Substrate Solution to each well. Cover with a new Plate sealer and incubate for 10-20 minutes at 37°C. Protect the plate from light. The reaction time can be shortened or extended according to the actual color change, but this should not exceed more than 30 minutes. When apparent gradient appears in standard wells, user should terminatethe reaction. |
| 7. | Add 50µL of Stop Solution to each well. If color change does not appear uniform, gently tap the plate to ensure thorough mixing. |
| 8. | Determine the optical density (OD value) of each well at once, using a micro-plate reader set to 450 nm. User should open the micro-plate reader in advance, preheat the instrument, and set the testing parameters. |
| 9. | After experiment, store all reagents according to the specified storage temperature respectively until their expiry. |
When carrying out an ELISA assay it is important to prepare your samples in order to achieve the best possible results. Below we have a list of procedures for the preparation of samples for different sample types.
| Sample Type | Protocol |
| Serum | If using serum separator tubes, allow samples to clot for 30 minutes at room temperature. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Collect the serum fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. If serum separator tubes are not being used, allow samples to clot overnight at 2-8°C. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Remove serum and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. |
| Plasma | Collect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge samples at 4°C for 15 mins at 1000 × g within 30 mins of collection. Collect the plasma fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Over haemolysed samples are not suitable for use with this kit. |
| Urine & Cerebrospinal Fluid | Collect the urine (mid-stream) in a sterile container, centrifuge for 20 mins at 2000-3000 rpm. Remove supernatant and assay immediately. If any precipitation is detected, repeat the centrifugation step. A similar protocol can be used for cerebrospinal fluid. |
| Cell culture supernatant | Collect the cell culture media by pipette, followed by centrifugation at 4°C for 20 mins at 1500 rpm. Collect the clear supernatant and assay immediately. |
| Cell lysates | Solubilize cells in lysis buffer and allow to sit on ice for 30 minutes. Centrifuge tubes at 14,000 x g for 5 minutes to remove insoluble material. Aliquot the supernatant into a new tube and discard the remaining whole cell extract. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C. |
| Tissue homogenates | The preparation of tissue homogenates will vary depending upon tissue type. Rinse tissue with 1X PBS to remove excess blood & homogenize in 20ml of 1X PBS (including protease inhibitors) and store overnight at ≤ -20°C. Two freeze-thaw cycles are required to break the cell membranes. To further disrupt the cell membranes you can sonicate the samples. Centrifuge homogenates for 5 mins at 5000xg. Remove the supernatant and assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C. |
| Tissue lysates | Rinse tissue with PBS, cut into 1-2 mm pieces, and homogenize with a tissue homogenizer in PBS. Add an equal volume of RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitors and lyse tissues at room temperature for 30 minutes with gentle agitation. Centrifuge to remove debris. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C. |
| Breast Milk | Collect milk samples and centrifuge at 10,000 x g for 60 min at 4°C. Aliquot the supernatant and assay. For long term use, store samples at -80°C. Minimize freeze/thaw cycles. |
