GLRX3
GLRX3 (glutaredoxin 3, also known as PICOT, GRX3, GLRX4, GRX4 and TXNL2) is a cytosolic member of the glutaredoxin family. It works with BOLA2 in cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster assembly and regulates cardiac hypertrophy. Browse Assay Genie's current range of GLRX3 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
GLRX3 acts together with BOLA2 as a cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster assembly factor, facilitating insertion of [2Fe-2S] clusters into a subset of cytosolic proteins. It is also described as a critical negative regulator of cardiac hypertrophy and a positive inotropic regulator, and it is required for haemoglobin maturation. Although it belongs to the glutaredoxin family, it has no thioredoxin activity, because it lacks the conserved motif that is essential for catalytic activity.
The GLRX3 gene encodes a member of the glutaredoxin family, a group of oxidoreductases that reduce a variety of substrates using glutathione as a cofactor. HGNC places it in the glutaredoxin domain containing gene group. The protein is found in the cytosol, at the cell cortex and at the Z line of the sarcomere in myofibrils. Mouse and rat both carry a Glrx3 ortholog.
The encoded protein binds to and modulates the function of protein kinase C theta. It may also inhibit apoptosis and play a role in cellular growth, and expression of the gene may be a marker for cancer. The protein was originally named thioredoxin-like 2 (TXNL2) and is also known as PICOT. Pseudogenes of the gene lie on the short arms of chromosomes 6 and 9, and alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed.
GLRX3 works with BOLA2 to insert [2Fe-2S] clusters into a subset of cytosolic proteins, making it a focus for studies of cytosolic Fe-S assembly.
GLRX3 is a critical negative regulator of cardiac hypertrophy and a positive inotropic regulator, relevant to heart muscle signalling.
GLRX3 is required for haemoglobin maturation, linking cytosolic iron-sulfur assembly machinery to erythroid biology.
GLRX3 may inhibit apoptosis and influence cellular growth, and its expression may be a marker for cancer.
GLRX3 acts with BOLA2 as a cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster assembly factor, helping insert [2Fe-2S] clusters into a subset of cytosolic proteins. It also negatively regulates cardiac hypertrophy, acts as a positive inotropic regulator and is required for haemoglobin maturation.
GLRX3 is also called PICOT, GRX3, GLRX4, GRX4, bA500G10.4 and TXNL2. Its previous HGNC name was thioredoxin-like 2. The name PICOT reflects its binding to protein kinase C theta, whose function it modulates. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed.
No. Although GLRX3 is a glutaredoxin family member, it lacks the conserved motif essential for catalytic thioredoxin activity. Orthologs named Glrx3 exist in mouse and rat; check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other glutaredoxin family members and redox-related targets with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt O76003; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.