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ACIN1
ACIN1 (apoptotic chromatin condensation inducer 1, also known as ACINUS, KIAA0670 and fSAP152) is a nuclear protein that links mRNA splicing with apoptosis. It is an auxiliary component of the exon junction complex and induces chromatin condensation once activated by caspase-3. Browse Assay Genie's current range of ACIN1 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
ACIN1 is an auxiliary component of the splicing-dependent multiprotein exon junction complex (EJC), which is deposited at splice junctions on mRNAs. The EJC is a dynamic structure made up of core proteins and several peripheral nuclear and cytoplasmic factors that join only transiently, either during EJC assembly or later during mRNA metabolism. ACIN1 is also a component of the ASAP complexes, which bind RNA in a sequence-independent manner and are proposed to be recruited to the EJC before or during splicing. Within the complex, ACIN1 confers RNA-binding. ASAP complexes are proposed to regulate the excision of introns in specific subsets of transcripts, and the complex can inhibit RNA processing in in vitro splicing reactions.
The ACIN1 protein also has a role in cell death. The ASAP complex promotes apoptosis and is disassembled after apoptosis is induced. ACIN1 is involved in modulating the splicing of BCL2L1 (Bcl-X) and probably other apoptotic genes, specifically inhibiting formation of proapoptotic isoforms such as Bcl-X(S). This activity is distinct from the established assembly and function of the EJC. After activation by caspase-3, ACIN1 induces apoptotic chromatin condensation, without inducing DNA fragmentation. It has also been reported to regulate cyclin A1, but not cyclin A2, expression in leukaemia cells. The protein localises to the nucleus, including nuclear speckles and the nucleoplasm.
The ACIN1 gene belongs to the HGNC group of ASAP complex subunits, and the mouse ortholog is Acin1. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described. Earlier names include KIAA0670 and fSAP152, and the protein name reflects its original characterisation as an inducer of chromatin condensation during apoptosis.
ACIN1 induces apoptotic chromatin condensation after caspase-3 activation, making it a useful factor for studying nuclear changes during cell death.
As an ASAP complex subunit that confers RNA-binding, ACIN1 helps researchers examine how intron excision is regulated in specific transcript subsets.
ACIN1 is an auxiliary EJC factor, relevant to work on EJC assembly and the mRNA metabolism that follows splicing.
ACIN1 regulates cyclin A1 but not cyclin A2 expression in leukaemia cells, pointing to a role in cell-cycle gene control.
ACIN1 is an auxiliary exon junction complex component and a subunit of ASAP complexes, where it confers RNA-binding. It modulates splicing of apoptotic genes such as BCL2L1 and, once activated by caspase-3, induces apoptotic chromatin condensation.
ACIN1 is also called ACINUS, KIAA0670 and fSAP152, and its full name is apoptotic chromatin condensation inducer 1. The UniProt name is apoptotic chromatin condensation inducer in the nucleus. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for the gene.
A mouse ortholog, Acin1, is recorded for the human ACIN1 gene. Researchers working in other species should confirm the relevant ortholog, and check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other exon junction complex factors, apoptosis regulators and cell-cycle proteins linked to ACIN1 biology.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q9UKV3; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.
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