DDO
DDO (D-aspartate oxidase, also known as DASOX and DASPO) is a peroxisomal flavoprotein that catalyses the oxidative deamination of acidic D-amino acids. By limiting D-aspartate levels in the brain, it helps protect the organism from D-amino acid toxicity. Browse Assay Genie's current range of DDO research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
DDO selectively catalyses the oxidative deamination of acidic amino acids. Its best-characterised substrates are D-aspartate and N-methyl D-aspartate. The reaction depends on a flavin cofactor: either flavin adenine dinucleotide or 6-hydroxyflavin adenine dinucleotide can serve in this role. In the brain, DDO suppresses the level of D-aspartate, an amino acid that can act as an agonist for glutamate receptors. More generally, the enzyme protects the organism from the toxicity of D-amino acids, and it may also function in the intestine.
The DDO protein is annotated in the peroxisome matrix and in the cytosol. It belongs to the DAMOX/DASOX family and is classed by HGNC among the flavoproteins and oxidoreductases. The human DDO gene is the source of the enzyme studied as D-aspartate oxidase, and the mouse and rat orthologs are both named Ddo, which allows comparative work in rodent models.
Several transcript variants of the DDO gene encode different isoforms, according to the RefSeq summary. The alternative symbols DASOX and DASPO appear in the literature alongside the approved symbol. Because DDO controls the pool of a D-amino acid that can engage glutamate receptors, it is of interest wherever D-aspartate metabolism and D-amino acid detoxification are studied.
DDO suppresses D-aspartate levels in the brain, making it a key enzyme for studying how this amino acid is regulated.
Because D-aspartate can act as an agonist for glutamate receptors, DDO activity is relevant to how this signalling input is controlled.
DDO protects the organism from the toxicity of D-amino acids, supporting research into how they are cleared.
A peroxisomal flavoprotein using FAD or 6-hydroxy-FAD, DDO is a useful model for oxidative deamination in peroxisomes.
DDO selectively catalyses the oxidative deamination of acidic amino acids, including D-aspartate and N-methyl D-aspartate. It lowers D-aspartate in the brain, where this amino acid can act as a glutamate receptor agonist, and protects the organism from D-amino acid toxicity. It may also function in the intestine.
DDO is the approved symbol for D-aspartate oxidase, and DASOX and DASPO are alternative symbols. The enzyme is EC 1.4.3.1 and belongs to the DAMOX/DASOX family. RefSeq reports several transcript variants of the gene that encode different isoforms.
Yes. Mouse and rat both carry an ortholog named Ddo, so the enzyme can be studied in rodent models. Researchers should check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity before using it with a given species.
Other targets with products at Assay Genie that you may want to explore alongside this peroxisomal oxidoreductase.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q99489; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.