TFF1
TFF1 (trefoil factor 1), also known as pS2, D21S21, HPS2, pNR-2, HP1.A and BCEI, is a small secreted protein of the trefoil family. It stabilises the mucous gel that overlies the gastrointestinal mucosa and is expressed in the gastric mucosa. Browse Assay Genie's current range of TFF1 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
TFF1 is a stabiliser of the mucous gel that covers the gastrointestinal mucosa, where it contributes to a physical barrier against various noxious agents. UniProt also notes that it may inhibit the growth of calcium oxalate crystals in urine. As a secreted protein, TFF1 acts in the extracellular mucus layer rather than inside the cell.
Members of the trefoil family carry at least one copy of the trefoil motif, a 40-amino acid domain containing three conserved disulfides. They are stable secretory proteins expressed in gastrointestinal mucosa. Their functions are not fully defined, but they may protect the mucosa from insults, stabilise the mucus layer and affect healing of the epithelium. The TFF1 gene is expressed in the gastric mucosa, and the mouse and rat each have a Tff1 ortholog. The TFF1 gene sits in a cluster on chromosome 21 together with two other trefoil family genes, including TFF2.
The protein has been known under several names. The earlier name, breast cancer, oestrogen-inducible sequence expressed in, and the alias pS2 reflect its identification in breast cancer cells. TFF1 has also been studied because of its expression in human tumours, which makes it a frequent subject in gastrointestinal mucosal biology and cancer research. Researchers working with a TFF1 antibody, TFF1 ELISA kit or recombinant TFF1 protein will usually be examining mucosal protection, epithelial repair or tumour expression.
TFF1 is expressed in the gastric mucosa and stabilises the mucous gel that forms a barrier over the gastrointestinal lining.
Trefoil family proteins may protect the mucosa from insults and affect healing of the epithelium, making TFF1 relevant to repair studies.
TFF1 has been studied because of its expression in human tumours, and it was first named for its oestrogen-inducible expression in breast cancer.
UniProt reports that TFF1 may inhibit the growth of calcium oxalate crystals in urine, an area of interest beyond the gut.
TFF1 stabilises the mucous gel that overlies the gastrointestinal mucosa, providing a physical barrier against various noxious agents. It may also inhibit the growth of calcium oxalate crystals in urine. Its wider functions are not fully defined, but it may help protect the mucosa and affect epithelial healing.
TFF1 is also called pS2, D21S21, HPS2, pNR-2, HP1.A and BCEI. An earlier name was breast cancer, oestrogen-inducible sequence expressed in. The official HGNC name is trefoil factor 1, and the UniProt entry uses the same name.
Mouse and rat both have a Tff1 ortholog. In humans, the TFF1 gene lies in a cluster on chromosome 21 with two other trefoil family genes, including TFF2. All family members share the trefoil motif, a 40-amino acid domain with three conserved disulfides. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Trefoil family members that sit alongside TFF1 in the chromosome 21 gene cluster and share its mucosal expression.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P04155; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.