Artemin
Artemin (ARTN, also known as NBN, EVN and enovin) is a secreted growth factor of the GDNF subfamily of the TGF-beta family. It supports the survival of peripheral neurons and signals through the RET receptor and its coreceptor GFRA3. Browse Assay Genie's current range of Artemin research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
Artemin is a growth factor that supports the survival of sensory and sympathetic peripheral neurons in culture. It also supports the survival of dopaminergic neurons of the ventral mid-brain. It acts by binding its coreceptor, GFRA3, which leads to autophosphorylation and activation of the RET receptor. Artemin is also a strong attractant of gut haematopoietic cells, and in this way promotes the formation of Peyer's patch-like structures, a major component of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue.
The ARTN gene encodes a secreted ligand that belongs to the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) subfamily and the wider TGF-beta superfamily. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate each subunit of a disulfide-linked homodimer. Ligands of the TGF-beta superfamily are described as binding TGF-beta receptors, which recruit and activate SMAD transcription factors that regulate gene expression. Artemin itself is reported to signal through the RET receptor and the GFR alpha 3 coreceptor. HGNC places the gene in the GDNF family ligands group, and mouse and rat each have an Artn ortholog.
Beyond the nervous system, artemin has been shown to promote tumour growth, metastasis and drug resistance in mammary carcinoma. This makes the artemin protein relevant to both neurobiology and cancer research. The gene has also been called NBN, EVN and ENOVIN in the literature and in databases.
Artemin supports the survival of sensory and sympathetic peripheral neurons in culture, making it a relevant factor for studying neuronal maintenance.
Artemin supports at least one population of dopaminergic neurons of the ventral mid-brain, linking it to research on central nervous system neuron survival.
Artemin binds GFRA3, leading to RET autophosphorylation and activation, so it is a defined ligand for studying this receptor complex.
Artemin has been shown to promote tumour growth, metastasis and drug resistance in mammary carcinoma, which makes it a candidate for cancer studies.
Artemin is a secreted growth factor that supports the survival of sensory, sympathetic and some dopaminergic neurons. It binds the coreceptor GFRA3, which activates the RET receptor. It also attracts gut haematopoietic cells and so promotes the formation of Peyer's patch-like structures.
Artemin is encoded by the ARTN gene. Other names and symbols include NBN, EVN and ENOVIN. The protein is synthesised as a preproprotein, which is processed into subunits that form a disulfide-linked homodimer. UniProt lists it as Q5T4W7.
Mouse and rat both have an Artn ortholog, so artemin can be studied in common rodent models. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity. Artemin has been shown to promote tumour growth, metastasis and drug resistance in mammary carcinoma.
Other GDNF family ligands, their RET and GFR alpha receptors, and related neurotrophic factor targets at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q5T4W7; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.