SLCO1A2
SLCO1A2 (solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2, also known as OATP, OATP1A2, OATP-A and SLC21A3) is a sodium-independent membrane transporter. It mediates cellular uptake of a broad range of organic anions, including bile acids, steroid conjugates, hormones and drugs. Browse Assay Genie's current range of SLCO1A2 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
SLCO1A2 is a Na(+)-independent transporter that carries organic anions across the plasma membrane into cells. Its substrates include the bile salts cholate and deoxycholate, in unconjugated or conjugated forms such as taurocholate and glycocholate, and it is responsible for intestinal absorption of bile acids. It also transports dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate (DHEAS), a major circulating steroid secreted by the adrenal cortex, as well as estrone 3-sulfate, 17beta-estradiol 17-O-(beta-D-glucuronate), prostaglandin E2 and the thyroid hormones T3 and T4. Hydrogencarbonate is the probable counteranion that exchanges for organic anions, and substrate specificity is pH-sensitive, with transport stimulated in an acidic microenvironment.
The SLCO1A2 protein acts at several physiological barriers. It mediates apical uptake of all-trans-retinol across human retinal pigment epithelium, which is essential to maintaining the visual cycle. It contributes to blood-brain and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier transport of organic anions and signal mediators, and to hormone uptake by neural cells. It may also contribute to transport across the blood-testis barrier and to reuptake of neuropeptides such as substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide released from retinal neurons. NCBI describes uptake of organic ions in the liver, including bromosulphophthalein, and notes that alternative splicing of the SLCO1A2 gene produces multiple transcript variants.
SLCO1A2 is involved in the uptake of clinically used drugs and may influence plasma and tissue distribution of the chemotherapeutic agents methotrexate and paclitaxel. The protein localises to the cell membrane, including the basal cell membrane, and belongs to the organo anion transporter family (TC 2.A.60) and the SLC21A family of solute carriers. The earlier symbol SLC21A3 reflects the previous solute carrier family 21 nomenclature, and the rat ortholog is Slco1a5.
SLCO1A2 takes up clinically used drugs and may shape the distribution of methotrexate and paclitaxel, making it relevant to drug disposition studies.
The transporter mediates cellular uptake of conjugated and unconjugated bile salts and is responsible for intestinal absorption of bile acids.
SLCO1A2 contributes to blood-brain and cerebrospinal fluid barrier transport of organic anions and signal mediators, and to hormone uptake by neural cells.
It mediates apical all-trans-retinol uptake across human retinal pigment epithelium, which is essential to maintaining the visual cycle and vision.
SLCO1A2 is a Na(+)-independent transporter that moves organic anions into cells across the plasma membrane. Substrates include bile salts, DHEAS, estrone 3-sulfate, thyroid hormones, prostaglandin E2, all-trans-retinol and several drugs. It acts in the intestine, liver, retina and at the blood-brain barrier.
SLCO1A2 is also called OATP, OATP1A2, OATP-A and SLC21A3. Earlier names were solute carrier family 21 (organic anion transporter), member 3, and solute carrier organic anion transporter family, member 1A2. Alternative splicing of the gene gives multiple transcript variants.
In the data supplied, the rat ortholog of human SLCO1A2 is Slco1a5, while no mouse ortholog is listed. Orthologous transporters can differ in substrate range, so check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other organic anion transporters, bile acid and hormone pathway proteins, and neuropeptide substrates studied alongside SLCO1A2.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P46721; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.