AOC1
AOC1 (amine oxidase copper containing 1), also known as diamine oxidase, DAO, ABP1 and ABP, is a copper-containing enzyme that oxidatively deaminates primary amines. Its preferred substrates are the diamines histamine and 1-methylhistamine, which links it to allergic and immune responses. Browse Assay Genie's current range of AOC1 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
AOC1 catalyses the oxidative deamination of primary amines to the corresponding aldehydes, with the concomitant production of hydrogen peroxide and ammonia. Its preferred substrates are the diamines histamine and 1-methylhistamine, and it could therefore play a role in allergic and immune responses. The enzyme has broad specificity for diamines and also acts on cadaverine and putrescine, two products of amino acid catabolism. It could also act on polyamines such as spermidine and spermine, though less efficiently, and so may regulate a range of biological processes.
The AOC1 gene encodes a metal-binding membrane glycoprotein. UniProt places the protein in the extracellular space as a secreted form and at the cell membrane, and assigns it to the copper/topaquinone oxidase family. HGNC groups the gene in the amine oxidase copper containing family. The encoded protein is inhibited by amiloride, a diuretic that acts by closing epithelial sodium ion channels. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. Orthologues are annotated in mouse and rat, both named Aoc1.
The historical symbols ABP1 and ABP come from the previous gene name, amiloride binding protein 1 (amine oxidase (copper-containing)), which reflects the enzyme's sensitivity to amiloride. The current symbol places the gene alongside other copper-containing amine oxidases such as AOC3. Researchers studying AOC1, whether as the AOC1 protein or the AOC1 gene, work on histamine metabolism, polyamine and diamine catabolism, and allergic and immune biology.
AOC1 prefers histamine and 1-methylhistamine as substrates, making it a focus for studies of how histamine is broken down.
Its activity on histamine suggests a role in allergic and immune responses, which researchers examine in this context.
AOC1 acts on putrescine and cadaverine, and less efficiently on spermidine and spermine, linking it to amine turnover.
As a copper/topaquinone oxidase producing aldehydes, hydrogen peroxide and ammonia, AOC1 is a model for oxidative deamination and amiloride inhibition.
AOC1 catalyses the oxidative deamination of primary amines to aldehydes, producing hydrogen peroxide and ammonia. Its preferred substrates are histamine and 1-methylhistamine. It also acts on cadaverine and putrescine, and less efficiently on spermidine and spermine, so it may take part in allergic and immune responses.
AOC1 is also called diamine oxidase, DAO, ABP1 and ABP. The older names derive from amiloride binding protein 1 (amine oxidase (copper-containing)), because the enzyme is inhibited by amiloride. Alternative splicing of the gene gives multiple isoforms.
Mouse and rat both have an orthologous gene named Aoc1. In humans, AOC1 belongs to the copper/topaquinone oxidase family and the amine oxidase copper containing gene group, which also includes AOC3. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other copper-containing amine oxidases from the same gene group with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P19801; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.