HGS
HGS (hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate, also known as Hrs, ZFYVE8 and Vps27) is an endosomal sorting protein. It sorts monoubiquitinated membrane proteins into the multivesicular body and helps determine whether receptors are recycled or degraded. Browse Assay Genie's current range of HGS research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
HGS regulates endosomal sorting and plays a critical role in the recycling and degradation of membrane receptors. It sorts monoubiquitinated membrane proteins into the multivesicular body (MVB), targeting them for lysosome-dependent degradation. When complexed with STAM, it forms the ESCRT-0 complex, which binds ubiquitin and acts as a sorting machinery. This machinery recognises ubiquitinated receptors and passes them to later lysosomal sorting and trafficking steps, so HGS is involved in the down-regulation of receptor tyrosine kinases via MVBs.
HGS may also regulate trafficking to early and late endosomes by recruiting clathrin, and it may concentrate ubiquitinated receptors within clathrin-coated regions. It could be a direct effector of PI3-kinase in the vesicular pathway via early endosomes. Through its association with the CART complex, it takes part in receptor recycling. That complex is required for efficient transferrin receptor recycling but not for EGFR degradation. The protein localises to the cytoplasm, the early endosome membrane and the multivesicular body membrane.
HGS is also linked to signalling by cytokines and growth factors. Together with STAM, it suppresses DNA signalling after stimulation by IL-2 and GM-CSF, and it may contribute to the efficient recruitment of SMADs to the activin receptor complex. The HGNC places the HGS gene in the zinc fingers FYVE-type and ESCRT-0 groups, and in the group of microRNA protein coding host genes. Orthologues are annotated in mouse and rat as Hgs. Names in use include Hrs, ZFYVE8 and Vps27.
HGS sorts monoubiquitinated membrane proteins into the multivesicular body, making it a central protein for studying how cargo is directed to lysosomal degradation.
With STAM in the ESCRT-0 complex, HGS is involved in the down-regulation of receptor tyrosine kinases through multivesicular bodies.
Through the CART complex, HGS contributes to efficient transferrin receptor recycling, which is separable from EGFR degradation.
HGS acts in signal transduction by cytokines and growth factors, including suppression of signalling after IL-2 and GM-CSF stimulation when associated with STAM.
HGS regulates endosomal sorting. It sorts monoubiquitinated membrane proteins into the multivesicular body for lysosome-dependent degradation. With STAM it forms the ESCRT-0 complex, which binds ubiquitin and recognises ubiquitinated receptors. It also contributes to receptor recycling through the CART complex.
HGS is the approved symbol for hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate. It is also called Hrs, ZFYVE8 and Vps27. The HGNC lists it in the zinc fingers FYVE-type and ESCRT-0 gene groups, and as a microRNA protein coding host gene.
Mouse and rat both have an ortholog named Hgs. The ESCRT-0 role is reflected in one alias, Vps27, which is the name used for this protein in yeast. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other ESCRT components, endosomal trafficking proteins, receptors and signalling molecules linked to HGS biology.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt O14964; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.