RARG
RARG (retinoic acid receptor gamma, also known as RARC, NR1B3, RARgamma and RAR-gamma) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor of the nuclear hormone receptor family. It binds retinoic acid and regulates gene expression, with roles in limb bud development and skeletal growth. Browse Assay Genie's current range of RARG research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
RARG is a receptor for retinoic acid and acts as a ligand-dependent transcriptional regulator. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid. The RAR/RXR heterodimers recognise retinoic acid response elements (RARE), which are made up of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites arranged as DR1 to DR5 and found in the promoter regions of target genes.
The behaviour of the receptor depends on whether ligand is present. When bound to ligand, RARs activate transcription. In the unbound form, RARs repress transcription of their target genes, although UniProt notes that RARG acts mainly as an activator in the absence of ligand because it binds corepressors only weakly. The protein is found in the nucleus and the cytoplasm. It belongs to the NR1 subfamily of the nuclear hormone receptor family, and the human RARG gene is placed in the HGNC group of retinoic acid receptors.
Functionally, RARG is required for limb bud development. Together with RARA or RARB, it is required for skeletal growth, matrix homeostasis and growth plate function. The gene is also known as RARC and NR1B3, and its previous HGNC name was retinoic acid receptor, gamma. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been reported. The mouse ortholog is Rarg, which makes the gene accessible to comparative developmental studies.
RARG mediates ligand-dependent transcriptional responses to all-trans and 9-cis retinoic acid through RAR/RXR heterodimers binding retinoic acid response elements.
RARG is required for limb bud development, making it a relevant target for studies of how retinoid signalling shapes the developing limb.
Acting with RARA or RARB, RARG is required for skeletal growth, matrix homeostasis and growth plate function.
RARG switches between repression and activation of target genes depending on ligand binding and corepressor interaction, a useful model of nuclear receptor control.
RARG is a nuclear receptor for retinoic acid. It binds RARE sequences as a heterodimer with RXR and regulates transcription of target genes. It is required for limb bud development and, with RARA or RARB, for skeletal growth, matrix homeostasis and growth plate function.
RARG is also called RARC, NR1B3, RARgamma and RAR-gamma, and its previous HGNC name was retinoic acid receptor, gamma. NCBI Gene reports alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different isoforms, so check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity and isoform coverage.
The mouse ortholog is Rarg. In humans, RARG sits in the retinoic acid receptor gene group within the NR1 subfamily of nuclear hormone receptors. It works alongside RARA and RARB, which share roles with it in skeletal growth and growth plate function.
Other retinoic acid receptors, retinoid X receptor partners and nuclear hormone receptors involved in retinoid signalling.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P13631; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.