PTK2B
PTK2B (protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta) is a cytoplasmic non-receptor tyrosine kinase of the FAK subfamily that regulates actin cytoskeleton reorganisation, cell migration, adhesion and bone remodelling. It is also known as PYK2, CAKB, RAFTK, CADTK and FAK2. Browse Assay Genie's current range of PTK2B research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
PTK2B is a non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinase that acts downstream of integrin and collagen receptors, immune receptors, G protein-coupled receptors, and cytokine, chemokine and growth factor receptors, and it mediates responses to cellular stress. On activation it forms multisubunit signalling complexes with SRC and other SRC family members. This leads to phosphorylation of further tyrosine residues, which create binding sites for scaffold proteins, effectors and substrates. PTK2B also phosphorylates SRC, increasing SRC kinase activity, and phosphorylates substrates including ASAP1, NPHP1, KCNA2 and SHC1.
Downstream, PTK2B promotes activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and the AKT1 cascade, the MAP kinase cascade (including ERK1, ERK2 and JNK1), and Rho family GTPases such as RHOA and RAC1. It also recruits the ubiquitin ligase MDM2 to P53 in the nucleus, regulating P53 activity and degradation, and acts as a scaffold that lets SRC phosphorylate PDPK1. In the nervous system it promotes SRC-mediated phosphorylation of NMDA receptors, contributing to the control of channel activity and intracellular Ca(2+) levels. Cellular roles include cell polarisation, spreading and osteoclastic bone resorption, which requires both PTK2B and SRC. In the immune system it is needed for normal marginal B-cell levels in the spleen, macrophage polarisation and migration, and T-cell responses.
The PTK2B gene belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, Tyr protein kinase family, FAK subfamily, alongside PTK2, though it lacks significant sequence similarity to kinases from other subfamilies. NCBI describes it as undergoing rapid tyrosine phosphorylation in response to raised intracellular calcium, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation, membrane depolarisation or protein kinase C activation. It has been shown to bind CRK-associated substrate, nephrocystin, GTPase regulator associated with FAK and the SH2 domain of GRB2. Four transcript variants encode two isoforms. The protein is found in the cytoplasm, perinuclear region, focal adhesions, lamellipodia, cell cortex and nucleus.
PTK2B regulates actin reorganisation, cell polarisation, adhesion, spreading and migration, making it a focus for cytoskeletal and focal adhesion signalling studies.
It is required for normal splenic B-cell migration, macrophage polarisation and migration towards inflammation, and contributes to T-cell responses.
PTK2B promotes osteoclastic bone resorption together with SRC and may inhibit differentiation and activity of osteoprogenitor cells.
PTK2B links calcium flux and neurotransmitter receptors to ion channel regulation and MAP kinase signalling, including NMDA receptor phosphorylation by SRC family kinases.
PTK2B is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that regulates actin cytoskeleton reorganisation, cell polarisation, migration, adhesion, spreading and bone remodelling. It signals downstream of integrins, GPCRs and cytokine, chemokine and growth factor receptors, partnering with SRC family kinases to activate pathways such as PI3K/AKT and MAP kinase.
PTK2B is also called PYK2, CAKB, RAFTK, PTK, CADTK and FAK2, the last being a previous gene name. UniProt lists the protein as protein-tyrosine kinase 2-beta. Four transcript variants encoding two isoforms have been reported, so check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Yes. PTK2B belongs to the FAK subfamily of tyrosine kinases with PTK2, and the source text refers to PTK2B/PYK2 working with PTK2 and SRC in substrate phosphorylation. Mouse and rat both carry a Ptk2b ortholog. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other protein tyrosine kinases, including the FAK partner PTK2, with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q14289; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.