CD69
CD69 (CD69 molecule, early activation antigen CD69, also known as CLEC2C) is a type II transmembrane C-type lectin receptor induced on lymphocytes and platelets upon activation. It helps regulate immune cell homeostasis and the differentiation of T-cell subsets. Browse Assay Genie's current range of CD69 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
CD69 is a transmembrane protein expressed mainly on T-cells resident in mucosa, where it plays an essential role in immune cell homeostasis. It is rapidly expressed on the surface of platelets, T-lymphocytes and NK cells upon activation by stimuli such as antigen recognition or cytokine signalling, and it stimulates different signalling pathways in different cell types. NCBI describes the protein as a member of the calcium-dependent lectin superfamily of type II transmembrane receptors, with a possible role in proliferation and in signal transmission in natural killer cells and platelets.
CD69 acts through several partners. Through a carbohydrate-dependent interaction with galectin-1 (LGALS1) on immature dendritic cells, it negatively regulates Th17 cell differentiation. Its cytoplasmic tail associates with the JAK3/STAT5 pathway, which controls transcription of RORgamma (RORC) and so differentiation toward the Th17 lineage. Via the S100A8/S100A9 complex on peripheral blood mononuclear cells, it promotes conversion of naive CD4 T-cells into regulatory T-cells. It also acts as an oxidised low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) receptor in CD4 T-lymphocytes, dampening inflammation by inducing PDCD1 expression through NFAT.
Further roles are described in infection and trafficking. CD69 participates in adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell protection against P. aeruginosa, promoting ERK1 activation and GM-CSF and other cytokine secretion, and it induces IL-10 production in eosinophils through ERK1/2. By acting as an S1PR1 agonist and promoting receptor internalisation and degradation, it negatively regulates chemotactic responses of effector lymphocytes and dendritic cells to sphingosine 1-phosphate. The gene was previously named CD69 antigen (p60, early T-cell activation antigen) and has the alias CLEC2C; the mouse ortholog is Cd69.
CD69 is rapidly induced on T-lymphocytes by antigen recognition or cytokine signalling, making it a widely used reference point for lymphocyte activation.
CD69 restrains Th17 differentiation via galectin-1 and JAK3/STAT5 signalling, and promotes regulatory T-cell conversion through S100A8/S100A9.
CD69 is expressed mainly on mucosa-resident T-cells and contributes to immune cell homeostasis in these tissues.
CD69 modulates S1PR1 signalling and oxLDL-driven PDCD1 induction, linking it to control of inflammatory responses and lymphocyte chemotaxis.
CD69 is a type II transmembrane receptor induced on T-cells, NK cells and platelets after activation. It regulates immune homeostasis, restrains Th17 differentiation, promotes regulatory T-cell conversion, and reduces lymphocyte responses to S1P by driving S1PR1 internalisation and degradation.
The HGNC name is CD69 molecule, and UniProt lists early activation antigen CD69. The gene has the alias CLEC2C, reflecting its place among C-type lectin domain genes, and was previously named CD69 antigen (p60, early T-cell activation antigen).
A mouse ortholog, Cd69, is recorded for the human gene. Orthologs are often used to study its role in lymphocyte activation and differentiation. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other CD molecules, immune cell surface markers and lymphocyte receptors with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q07108; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.