SOS1
SOS1 (son of sevenless homolog 1) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that promotes the exchange of Ras-bound GDP for GTP, linking upstream signals to Ras activation. It is also known by the aliases HGF, GF1 and GINGF. Browse Assay Genie's current range of SOS1 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
SOS1 promotes the exchange of Ras-bound GDP for GTP. RAS proteins are membrane proteins that bind guanine nucleotides and take part in signal transduction: GTP binding activates them and GTP hydrolysis inactivates them. By facilitating the exchange of GTP for GDP, SOS1 is thought to regulate RAS proteins. Probably through promoting Ras activation, it regulates phosphorylation of the MAP kinase MAPK3/ERK1 in response to EGF.
SOS1 is also the catalytic component of a trimeric complex that participates in transducing signals from Ras to Rac. In this complex it promotes the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity, so the protein connects Ras signalling to Rac signalling. Researchers studying the SOS1 protein often do so in the context of EGF-driven MAP kinase signalling.
The human SOS1 gene encodes son of sevenless homolog 1 and is classified by HGNC within the pleckstrin homology domain containing group and the Dbl family Rho GEFs. The mouse ortholog is Sos1, and SOS2 is a related target. The symbol was previously used for the names gingival fibromatosis, hereditary, 1, and son of sevenless homolog 1 (Drosophila), which explains the aliases HGF, GF1 and GINGF. Mutations in this gene are associated with gingival fibromatosis 1 and Noonan syndrome type 4.
SOS1 promotes exchange of Ras-bound GDP for GTP, making it a central component for studying how Ras proteins are activated.
SOS1 is thought to regulate MAPK3/ERK1 phosphorylation in response to EGF, probably by promoting Ras activation.
SOS1 is the catalytic component of a trimeric complex that transduces signals from Ras to Rac through Rac-specific GEF activity.
Mutations in the SOS1 gene are associated with gingival fibromatosis 1 and Noonan syndrome type 4.
SOS1 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that promotes the exchange of Ras-bound GDP for GTP, thereby activating Ras. It regulates MAPK3/ERK1 phosphorylation in response to EGF and acts in a trimeric complex that passes signals from Ras to Rac.
These symbols reflect earlier naming linked to hereditary gingival fibromatosis 1, a former name of the gene. The gene was also called son of sevenless homolog 1 (Drosophila). The current HGNC symbol is SOS1, and the approved name is SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1.
Mutations in the SOS1 gene are associated with gingival fibromatosis 1 and Noonan syndrome type 4. The mouse ortholog is Sos1, so mouse models can be used to study its function. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
SOS2, a related guanine nucleotide exchange factor, with other targets in Ras signalling.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q07889; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.