SPG21
SPG21, also known as maspardin, ACP33, GL010, BM-019, MAST and ABHD21, is a member of the AB hydrolase superfamily. It binds the cytoplasmic tail of CD4 and is proposed to act as a negative regulator of CD4-dependent T-cell activation. Browse Assay Genie's current range of SPG21 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
SPG21 (maspardin) may play a role as a negative regulatory factor in CD4-dependent T-cell activation. According to the NCBI Gene summary, the protein binds the hydrophobic C-terminal amino acids of CD4, a region involved in repression of T-cell activation. This interaction is mediated by the noncatalytic alpha/beta hydrolase fold domain of the protein, and it is therefore proposed that the SPG21 gene product modulates the stimulatory activity of CD4.
SPG21 belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily and is classified by HGNC in the abhydrolase domain containing gene group. No enzymatic activity is assigned to it, and its CD4 binding relies on the noncatalytic hydrolase fold. In UniProt, the protein is annotated in the cytosol, as a membrane protein, and at endosome and trans-Golgi network membranes. Alternative splicing of the SPG21 gene produces multiple transcript variants. Mouse and rat both carry an ortholog named Spg21, which allows the protein to be studied in common model systems.
The gene symbol reflects its disease association. Mutations in SPG21 are associated with autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia 21, also known as Mast syndrome, and the earlier HGNC name was spastic paraplegia 21 (autosomal recessive, Mast syndrome). This explains the alias MAST and the protein name maspardin. Researchers studying SPG21 antibody or SPG21 protein reagents typically work on T-cell regulation, membrane trafficking compartments and hereditary spastic paraplegia.
SPG21 binds the C-terminal region of CD4 and is proposed to modulate CD4 stimulatory activity, making it relevant to studies of T-cell signalling.
Mutations in SPG21 are associated with autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia 21, or Mast syndrome, so the protein is studied in this neurological disorder.
UniProt places SPG21 at endosome and trans-Golgi network membranes as well as the cytosol, which suits studies of its membrane-associated roles.
The CD4 interaction depends on the noncatalytic alpha/beta hydrolase fold domain, offering a case for exploring non-enzymatic roles of this superfamily.
SPG21 may act as a negative regulatory factor in CD4-dependent T-cell activation. It binds the hydrophobic C-terminal amino acids of CD4 through its noncatalytic alpha/beta hydrolase fold domain, and is proposed to modulate the stimulatory activity of CD4.
SPG21 is also called maspardin, ACP33, GL010, BM-019, MAST and ABHD21. HGNC lists the full name as SPG21 abhydrolase domain containing, maspardin. An earlier name was spastic paraplegia 21 (autosomal recessive, Mast syndrome). Alternative splicing gives multiple transcript variants.
Mutations in SPG21 are associated with autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia 21, also known as Mast syndrome. Mouse and rat each have an ortholog named Spg21. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
CD4 and other T-cell regulatory targets connected to SPG21 biology.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q9NZD8; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.