PSMA4
PSMA4 (proteasome 20S subunit alpha 4, also known as HC9 and HsT17706) is a core alpha subunit of the 20S proteasome, the protease complex that degrades most intracellular proteins. It belongs to the peptidase T1A family. Browse Assay Genie's current range of PSMA4 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
PSMA4 is a component of the 20S core proteasome complex, which is involved in the proteolytic degradation of most intracellular proteins. The 20S core associates with different regulatory particles to perform distinct roles. With two 19S regulatory particles it forms the 26S proteasome, which carries out ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. In this form it helps maintain protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins that could impair cellular function, and proteins whose functions are no longer required.
The 20S proteasome can also act without ubiquitin. When associated with PA200 or PA28, it mediates ubiquitin-independent protein degradation. This type of proteolysis is required in several pathways, including spermatogenesis (the 20S-PA200 complex) and the generation of a subset of MHC class I-presented antigenic peptides (the 20S-PA28 complex).
The PSMA4 gene encodes a core alpha subunit of the 20S proteasome, a highly ordered ring-shaped structure composed of four rings of 28 non-identical subunits. UniProt places the protein in the cytoplasm and nucleus. HGNC lists it in the proteasome gene group, and earlier names include proteasome (prosome, macropain) subunit, alpha type, 4. Mouse and rat both carry a Psma4 ortholog, which supports comparative work on proteasome biology.
The 26S proteasome removes misfolded, damaged or no-longer-needed proteins, so PSMA4 is relevant to studies of intracellular protein quality control.
As part of the 20S core, PSMA4 contributes to ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins by the 26S proteasome.
The 20S-PA28 complex generates a subset of MHC class I-presented antigenic peptides, linking PSMA4 to antigen processing research.
Ubiquitin-independent degradation by the 20S-PA200 complex is required in spermatogenesis, making PSMA4 a subunit of interest in reproductive biology.
PSMA4 is a core alpha subunit of the 20S proteasome. The 20S core degrades most intracellular proteins, and with two 19S regulatory particles it forms the 26S proteasome, which degrades ubiquitinated proteins in an ATP-dependent manner and helps maintain protein homeostasis.
PSMA4 stands for proteasome 20S subunit alpha 4. Aliases include HC9 and HsT17706, and UniProt calls the protein proteasome subunit alpha type-4. Earlier names include proteasome (prosome, macropain) subunit, alpha type, 4, and proteasome subunit alpha 4.
Yes. Both mouse and rat have a Psma4 ortholog of the human PSMA4 gene. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other alpha subunits of the 20S proteasome that assemble with PSMA4 into the core ring structure.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P25789; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.