NUDT1
NUDT1 (nudix hydrolase 1, also known as MTH1) is an oxidized purine nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase and a prominent sanitizer of the oxidized nucleotide pool. It hydrolyses damaged purine nucleotides so that they are not incorporated into DNA. Browse Assay Genie's current range of NUDT1 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
NUDT1 catalyses the hydrolysis of 2-oxo-dATP (2-hydroxy-dATP) to 2-oxo-dAMP. It also has significant hydrolase activity towards 2-oxo-ATP, 8-oxo-dGTP and 8-oxo-dATP, and it hydrolyses methylated purine nucleoside triphosphates. By converting these oxidised or methylated triphosphates to monophosphates, the enzyme stops them being incorporated into DNA, and so prevents the A:T to C:G and G:C to T:A transversions that would otherwise follow. This antimutagenic activity protects cells from oxidative stress.
The NUDT1 protein belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family. UniProt reports it in the cytosol, the mitochondrial matrix and the nucleus, and the NCBI Gene summary describes it as localised mainly in the cytoplasm with some in the mitochondria. This suggests a role in sanitising nucleotide pools for both the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. The NUDT1 gene has several alternatively spliced transcript variants, some encoding distinct isoforms. A rare single-nucleotide polymorphism produces an additional, longer isoform known as p26.
Misincorporation of oxidised nucleoside triphosphates into DNA or RNA during replication and transcription can cause mutations that may result in carcinogenesis or neurodegeneration, which is why this enzyme is of interest in those fields. HGNC lists the gene under the previous name nudix (nucleoside diphosphate linked moiety X)-type motif 1, and MTH1 remains a widely used alias. Mouse and rat both have a Nudt1 ortholog.
NUDT1 protects cells from oxidative stress by hydrolysing oxidised purine nucleotides, making it a useful readout of nucleotide pool sanitation.
By preventing incorporation of oxidised nucleotides into DNA, NUDT1 limits A:T to C:G and G:C to T:A transversions.
Misincorporation of oxidised nucleotides can lead to mutations linked to carcinogenesis or neurodegeneration, placing NUDT1 in both research areas.
NUDT1 is found in the mitochondrial matrix, suggesting a role in sanitising nucleotide pools for the mitochondrial genome.
NUDT1 is an oxidized purine nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase. It hydrolyses substrates such as 8-oxo-dGTP, 8-oxo-dATP and 2-hydroxy-dATP to monophosphates, and also methylated purine triphosphates, preventing their incorporation into DNA and protecting cells from oxidative stress.
Yes. MTH1 is an alias of NUDT1, whose HGNC name is nudix hydrolase 1. The gene has several alternatively spliced transcript variants, some encoding distinct isoforms. A rare single-nucleotide polymorphism produces an additional, longer isoform called p26.
Orthologs named Nudt1 exist in both mouse and rat. NUDT1 belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family. Misincorporation of oxidised nucleotides is linked to carcinogenesis and neurodegeneration. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other Nudix hydrolase family members and nucleotide-metabolism targets with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P36639; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.