APOC1
APOC1 (apolipoprotein C1, also written Apo-CI or ApoC-I) is a small secreted apolipoprotein that associates with HDL and triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins in plasma. It has a central role in HDL and VLDL metabolism and is the major plasma inhibitor of cholesteryl ester transfer protein. Browse Assay Genie's current range of APOC1 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
APOC1 is an apolipoprotein that travels in plasma bound to lipoprotein particles. It associates with high density lipoproteins (HDL) and the triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins, making up about 10% of the protein of VLDL and about 2% of that of HDL. It inhibits the binding of lipoproteins to the LDL receptor, the LDL receptor-related protein and the VLDL receptor, and it modulates the interaction of APOE with beta-migrating VLDL, blocking binding of beta-VLDL to the LDL receptor-related protein.
The protein also acts on fatty acid handling. It appears to interfere directly with fatty acid uptake, and it binds free fatty acids and reduces their intracellular esterification. It is the major plasma inhibitor of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), which links it to the remodelling of HDL and VLDL particles. Together these activities place APOC1 at the centre of lipoprotein metabolism.
The APOC1 gene is expressed primarily in the liver and is activated when monocytes differentiate into macrophages. It sits within an apolipoprotein gene cluster on chromosome 19, with a pseudogene 4 kb downstream in the same orientation. Alternative splicing and the use of alternative promoters give rise to multiple transcript variants. Researchers studying the APOC1 protein often work alongside other members of the apolipoprotein C group, and orthologous genes are found in mouse and rat (both Apoc1).
APOC1 contributes to HDL and VLDL metabolism, making it a relevant readout when studying how lipoprotein particles are assembled and remodelled in plasma.
It inhibits lipoprotein binding to the LDL receptor, LDL receptor-related protein and VLDL receptor, so it is studied in receptor-mediated lipoprotein clearance.
As the major plasma inhibitor of cholesteryl ester transfer protein, APOC1 is a focus for work on cholesteryl ester exchange between lipoproteins.
APOC1 binds free fatty acids and reduces their intracellular esterification, supporting research into fatty acid uptake and handling.
APOC1 is a secreted apolipoprotein that associates with HDL and triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins. It inhibits lipoprotein binding to the LDL receptor, LDL receptor-related protein and VLDL receptor, interferes with fatty acid uptake, and is the major plasma inhibitor of cholesteryl ester transfer protein.
The HGNC name is apolipoprotein C1, and UniProt lists apolipoprotein C-I. Aliases include Apo-CI, ApoC-I, apo-CIB, apoC-IB and APOC1B. According to NCBI Gene, alternative splicing and alternative promoters produce multiple transcript variants of the APOC1 gene.
NCBI Gene reports that APOC1 is expressed primarily in the liver and is activated as monocytes differentiate into macrophages. Mouse and rat each have an orthologous Apoc1 gene; check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other apolipoprotein C family members involved in lipoprotein metabolism, with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P02654; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.