CDK12
CDK12 (cyclin dependent kinase 12; also CRK7, CRKR, KIAA0904 and CRKRS) is a nuclear serine/threonine kinase that phosphorylates the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II. Through this activity it regulates transcription elongation, RNA splicing and the expression of DNA repair genes. Browse Assay Genie's current range of CDK12 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
CDK12 is a cyclin-dependent kinase that phosphorylates the C-terminal domain (CTD) of POLR2A, the large subunit of RNA polymerase II, and so acts as a key regulator of transcription elongation. It preferentially phosphorylates Ser-5 in CTD repeats that are already phosphorylated at Ser-7, but can also phosphorylate Ser-2. It binds cyclin K and forms part of the cyclin K-CDK12 complex.
Beyond elongation, CDK12 regulates the expression of genes involved in DNA repair and is required for the maintenance of genomic stability. It is also needed for RNA splicing, possibly by phosphorylating SRSF1/SF2. In addition, it has been implicated in regulating MAP kinase activity, which may influence the response to oestrogen inhibitors. NCBI Gene annotation links it to cellular response to oestrogen stimulus and negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction.
The CDK12 protein is found in the nucleus, including nuclear speckles. It belongs to the CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family, CDC2/CDKX subfamily, within the HGNC cyclin dependent kinases group. The gene was originally named Cdc2-related kinase, arginine/serine-rich (CRKRS). CDK12 has been reported as a biomarker in gastric adenocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and stomach cancer. Mouse and rat both carry a Cdk12 ortholog.
CDK12 phosphorylates the RNA polymerase II CTD and positively regulates elongation, making it a focus for studies of transcriptional control.
CDK12 regulates DNA repair gene expression and is required for genomic stability, a link central to genome maintenance research.
CDK12 is required for RNA splicing, possibly through phosphorylation of SRSF1/SF2, connecting transcription with RNA processing.
CDK12 is a reported biomarker of gastric adenocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and stomach cancer, and may affect response to oestrogen inhibitors.
CDK12 is a cyclin-dependent kinase that phosphorylates the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II, regulating transcription elongation. It also regulates DNA repair gene expression, supports genomic stability and is required for RNA splicing. It forms a complex with cyclin K.
CDK12 is also known as CRK7, CRKR, KIAA0904 and CRKRS. Its earlier name was Cdc2-related kinase, arginine/serine-rich. The HGNC full name is cyclin dependent kinase 12, and UniProt lists it as cyclin-dependent kinase 12.
Mouse and rat each have a Cdk12 ortholog. CDK12 is reported as a biomarker of gastric adenocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and stomach cancer, and may influence response to oestrogen inhibitors. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other cyclin-dependent kinases, including transcriptional CDKs and cell cycle kinases, with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q9NYV4; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.