SGPL1
SGPL1 (sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase 1, also known as SPL) is an endoplasmic reticulum enzyme that cleaves phosphorylated sphingoid bases such as sphingosine-1-phosphate into fatty aldehydes and phosphoethanolamine. It sits at the exit point of sphingolipid metabolism. Browse Assay Genie's current range of SGPL1 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
SGPL1 catalyses the cleavage of phosphorylated sphingoid bases (PSBs), including sphingosine-1-phosphate, into fatty aldehydes and phosphoethanolamine. NCBI Gene describes the activity as sphinganine-1-phosphate aldolase activity. By breaking down these signalling lipids, the enzyme contributes to sphingolipid and fatty acid metabolic processes. UniProt also reports that it elevates stress-induced ceramide production and apoptosis, and that it is required for global lipid homeostasis in liver and cholesterol homeostasis in fibroblasts.
Beyond lipid turnover, SGPL1 is involved in regulating the pro-inflammatory response and neutrophil trafficking. In neurons it modulates autophagy through phosphoethanolamine production, which in turn regulates the accumulation of aggregate-prone proteins such as APP. It also appears to play a role in establishing neuronal contact sites and in axonal maintenance. The SGPL1 protein is located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane.
The SGPL1 gene encodes a member of the aldehyde lyase gene group. In UniProt classification it belongs to the group II decarboxylase family, sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase subfamily. The enzyme is also known by the alias SPL, and orthologues are annotated in mouse and rat as Sgpl1. Variants in the gene are implicated in RENI syndrome, which makes SGPL1 relevant to studies of inherited disease as well as basic sphingolipid biology.
SGPL1 cleaves phosphorylated sphingoid bases into fatty aldehydes and phosphoethanolamine, making it a key enzyme for studying sphingolipid and fatty acid metabolic processes.
The enzyme elevates stress-induced ceramide production and apoptosis, so it is relevant to work on apoptotic signalling pathways.
SGPL1 is required for global lipid homeostasis in liver and for cholesterol homeostasis in fibroblasts.
SGPL1 modulates neuronal autophagy, axonal maintenance, pro-inflammatory responses and neutrophil trafficking, linking sphingolipid turnover to neurobiology and immunity.
SGPL1 cleaves phosphorylated sphingoid bases, such as sphingosine-1-phosphate, into fatty aldehydes and phosphoethanolamine. It also elevates stress-induced ceramide production and apoptosis, and contributes to lipid homeostasis, inflammatory regulation, neutrophil trafficking and neuronal autophagy.
The HGNC-approved name is sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase 1, and the alias SPL is also used. The enzyme is classified as EC 4.1.2.27 and sits in the HGNC aldehyde lyases group. NCBI Gene lists its activity as sphinganine-1-phosphate aldolase activity.
Orthologues are annotated in mouse and rat, both named Sgpl1, so rodent models are commonly considered for functional studies. In humans, SGPL1 is implicated in RENI syndrome. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other sphingolipid-metabolism enzymes, sphingosine-1-phosphate pathway partners and autophagy-related targets.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt O95470; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.