TDO2
TDO2 (tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase, also known as TDO or TPH2) is a heme-dependent dioxygenase that converts L-tryptophan to N-formyl-L-kynurenine. It catalyses the first and rate-limiting step of the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism. Browse Assay Genie's current range of TDO2 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
TDO2 is a heme-dependent dioxygenase that catalyses the oxidative cleavage of the pyrrole ring of L-tryptophan (L-Trp), cleaving the indole moiety and producing N-formyl-L-kynurenine. This reaction is the first and rate-limiting step of the kynurenine pathway, making the enzyme a central control point in tryptophan metabolism. The heme cofactor is required for catalytic activity.
The TDO2 gene encodes a protein that belongs to the tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase family, and HGNC places it in the oxygenases gene group. The TDO2 protein is also referred to as TDO, and the symbol TPH2 appears among its previous or alternative designations. Mouse and rat each have a Tdo2 ortholog, which allows the enzyme to be studied in rodent models.
TDO2 is of interest beyond basic metabolism. According to the NCBI Gene summary, increased activity of the enzyme and the resulting kynurenine production may contribute to cancer by suppressing antitumour immune responses. The same summary notes that single nucleotide polymorphisms in the TDO2 gene may be associated with autism. These links make the kynurenine pathway a frequent subject in immuno-oncology and neurodevelopmental research, where researchers measure TDO2 expression and activity alongside the metabolites it produces.
TDO2 catalyses the first, rate-limiting step of the kynurenine pathway, so it is a key node for studying how L-tryptophan is processed.
Increased TDO2 activity and kynurenine production may suppress antitumour immune responses, making the enzyme relevant to tumour immune evasion studies.
Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the TDO2 gene may be associated with autism, prompting genetic and functional investigation.
As a heme-dependent dioxygenase that cleaves the indole ring of L-tryptophan, TDO2 is a model for oxidative cleavage mechanisms.
TDO2 is a heme-dependent dioxygenase that oxidatively cleaves the pyrrole ring of L-tryptophan, converting it to N-formyl-L-kynurenine. This is the first and rate-limiting step of the kynurenine pathway, so TDO2 helps determine how much tryptophan enters that route of metabolism.
The HGNC approved name is tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase, and the protein is also called TDO. TPH2 is listed among its aliases or previous symbols. UniProt records the protein under the accession P48775, and the enzyme carries the EC number 1.13.11.11.
Yes, both mouse and rat have an ortholog named Tdo2. NCBI Gene reports that increased TDO2 activity may aid cancer through suppression of antitumour immunity, and that gene polymorphisms may be associated with autism. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other tryptophan-metabolising enzymes and kynurenine pathway components with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P48775; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.