MPG
MPG (N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase, also known as MDG and DNA-3-methyladenine glycosylase) is a DNA repair enzyme that removes alkylated bases from damaged DNA. It belongs to the DNA glycosylase MPG family and is annotated as a member of the DNA glycosylases gene group. Browse Assay Genie's current range of MPG research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
MPG catalyses the hydrolysis of the deoxyribose N-glycosidic bond in DNA, releasing 3-methyladenine and 7-methylguanine from the damaged DNA polymer produced by alkylation lesions. By cleaving the bond between the damaged base and the sugar backbone, it carries out the first step of removing these lesions from the genome. NCBI Gene lists DNA binding activity for the protein and describes it as predicted to be involved in base-excision repair.
The MPG gene encodes a protein of the DNA glycosylase MPG family, and HGNC places it in the DNA glycosylases gene group. The enzyme carries the EC number 3.2.2.21. According to UniProt, the protein is found in the cytoplasm, the nucleus and the mitochondrion, where it is located in the matrix and the mitochondrial nucleoid. NCBI Gene reports it in the cytosol and nucleoplasm. This distribution is relevant to work on both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA.
The approved name is N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase, with MDG recorded as an alias and DNA-3-methyladenine glycosylase used as the UniProt protein name. Orthologues are named Mpg in mouse and rat, so the MPG gene can be studied in common rodent models. Researchers working on alkylation damage and base-excision repair use MPG as a defined entry point into how cells recognise and process damaged purines.
MPG excises alkylated purines from DNA and is predicted to act in base-excision repair, making it a core subject for studies of genome maintenance.
The enzyme removes 3-methyladenine and 7-methylguanine, lesions formed by alkylation, so it is relevant to how cells respond to alkylating agents.
UniProt places MPG in the mitochondrial matrix and nucleoid, supporting studies of base damage handling in mitochondrial DNA.
As an EC 3.2.2.21 member of the MPG family, it is a model for N-glycosidic bond hydrolysis and DNA binding.
MPG hydrolyses the deoxyribose N-glycosidic bond to excise 3-methyladenine and 7-methylguanine from DNA damaged by alkylation. It also binds DNA and is predicted to take part in base-excision repair, the pathway that removes damaged bases.
The HGNC name is N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase, and MDG is a recorded alias. UniProt uses DNA-3-methyladenine glycosylase as the protein name. The enzyme is classified as EC 3.2.2.21 and belongs to the DNA glycosylase MPG family.
Mouse and rat both have an orthologue named Mpg. In cells, UniProt reports the protein in the cytoplasm, nucleus and mitochondrial matrix and nucleoid. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other DNA glycosylases, base-excision repair enzymes and DNA damage response targets with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P29372; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.