TLR6
TLR6 (toll-like receptor 6, CD286) is a pattern-recognition receptor of the Toll-like receptor family that participates in the innate immune response to Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. It recognises diacylated lipopeptides, working cooperatively with TLR2 to trigger inflammatory signalling. Browse Assay Genie's current range of TLR6 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
TLR6 is a cell-surface receptor of the innate immune system. It specifically recognises diacylated and, to a lesser extent, triacylated lipopeptides. In response to diacylated lipopeptides it forms the activation cluster TLR2:TLR6:CD14:CD36, which triggers signalling from the cell surface and is subsequently targeted to the Golgi apparatus in a lipid-raft dependent pathway. Signalling proceeds via MYD88 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response.
Together with TLR2, TLR6 recognises mycoplasmal macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2kD (MALP-2), soluble tuberculosis factor (STF), phenol-soluble modulin (PSM) and B. burgdorferi outer surface protein A lipoprotein (OspA-L). In a separate context, a heterodimer of TLR4 and TLR6 promotes sterile inflammation in monocytes and macrophages in response to oxidised low-density lipoprotein or amyloid-beta 42. Binding of these ligands to CD36 provides the initial signal, after which the TLR4:TLR6 heterodimer is rapidly internalised. The result is NF-kappa-B-dependent production of CXCL1, CXCL2 and CCL9 via MYD88, CCL5 via TICAM1, and IL-1 beta secretion. UniProt places the protein at the cell membrane, phagosome membrane, membrane rafts and the Golgi apparatus.
The TLR6 gene encodes a member of the Toll-like receptor family, which is highly conserved from Drosophila to humans. TLRs recognise pathogen-associated molecular patterns on infectious agents and mediate the production of cytokines needed for effective immunity, and individual TLRs show different expression patterns. HGNC lists the protein in the CD molecule and Toll-like receptor gene groups, with CD286 as an alias. A Ser249Pro polymorphism in the extracellular domain may be associated with an increased risk of asthma in some populations. The mouse ortholog is Tlr6.
TLR6 contributes to pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity, particularly the response to Gram-positive bacteria and fungi.
TLR6 acts with TLR2 to detect diacylated lipopeptides such as MALP-2, making it a focus for studying responses to bacterial lipoproteins.
A TLR4:TLR6 heterodimer drives inflammatory cytokine release in response to oxidised LDL or amyloid-beta 42 downstream of CD36.
The Ser249Pro polymorphism in the extracellular domain of TLR6 may be associated with increased asthma risk in some populations.
TLR6 is an innate immune receptor that recognises diacylated lipopeptides, usually together with TLR2. Signalling runs through MYD88 and TRAF6 to activate NF-kappa-B, driving cytokine secretion and inflammation in response to Gram-positive bacteria and fungi.
The HGNC-approved name is toll like receptor 6, and UniProt lists Toll-like receptor 6. CD286 is the alias used for this protein, reflecting its place among the CD molecules. The TLR6 gene belongs to the Toll-like receptor gene group.
TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans, and the mouse ortholog of TLR6 is Tlr6. A Ser249Pro polymorphism in the extracellular domain may be associated with increased asthma risk in some populations. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other Toll-like receptors, including the TLR2 and TLR4 partners of TLR6, with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q9Y2C9; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.