EGR1
EGR1 (early growth response 1) is a C2H2-type zinc-finger transcriptional regulator that binds GC-rich promoter elements to control genes involved in growth, stress and cell fate. It is also known as ZIF268, NGFI-A, KROX-24, TIS8 and G0S30. Browse Assay Genie's current range of EGR1 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
EGR1 is a transcriptional regulator that recognises and binds the DNA sequence 5'-GCG(T/G)GGGCG-3', known as the EGR-site, in the promoter region of its target genes. It binds double-stranded target DNA irrespective of cytosine methylation status. By regulating the transcription of numerous genes, EGR1 helps shape the cellular response to growth factors, DNA damage and ischaemia, and contributes to the control of cell survival, proliferation and cell death.
The EGR1 protein is mainly nuclear, with a cytoplasmic pool also reported. It belongs to the EGR family of C2H2-type zinc-finger proteins, alongside EGR2, EGR3 and EGR4. NCBI describes the products of the genes it activates as required for differentiation and mitogenesis, and studies suggest the EGR1 gene acts as a cancer suppressor. Consistent with this, EGR1 activates expression of p53/TP53 and TGFB1, and thereby helps prevent tumour formation. It is also required for normal progress through mitosis and for normal hepatocyte proliferation after partial hepatectomy.
EGR1 has roles beyond growth control. It mediates responses to ischaemia and hypoxia, regulating proteins such as IL1B and CXCL2 that are involved in inflammation and tissue damage after ischaemia. It regulates biosynthesis of luteinizing hormone (LHB) in the pituitary. It also influences circadian biology: through activation of PER1 transcription it regulates the amplitude of BMAL1, PER2 and NR1D1 expression rhythms in the liver, and it regulates rhythmic BMAL1 expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. The protein has been described under many names, including 225, AT225, TIS8, G0S30, NGFI-A, ZIF268 and KROX-24.
EGR1 binds the EGR-site in target promoters regardless of cytosine methylation, making it a useful model for studying zinc-finger DNA recognition.
EGR1 is considered a cancer suppressor gene and activates p53/TP53 and TGFB1, linking it to the prevention of tumour formation.
EGR1 mediates responses to ischaemia and hypoxia, regulating IL1B and CXCL2 involved in inflammation and post-ischaemic tissue damage.
EGR1 regulates clock gene rhythms via PER1 activation and controls luteinizing hormone biosynthesis in the pituitary.
EGR1 is a transcriptional regulator that binds the EGR-site, 5'-GCG(T/G)GGGCG-3', in target gene promoters. It regulates responses to growth factors, DNA damage and ischaemia, and influences cell survival, proliferation and cell death. It activates TP53 and TGFB1 expression and is considered a tumour suppressor.
EGR1 (early growth response 1) is also called ZIF268, ZIF-268, NGFI-A, KROX-24, TIS8, G0S30, AT225 and 225. These names reflect its independent discovery in different systems. The gene belongs to the EGR family of C2H2-type zinc-finger proteins.
Yes. Mouse and rat both have an Egr1 ortholog, so the protein can be studied in common rodent models. EGR1 is linked to tumour suppression, ischaemic responses and circadian regulation. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other members of the EGR zinc-finger transcription factor family with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P18146; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.