PPP1R9B
PPP1R9B, also known as neurabin-2, spinophilin, Spn, SPINO, PPP1R6 and PPP1R9, is a scaffold protein and regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 1. It links the actin cytoskeleton to signalling complexes at synapses and shapes dendritic spine morphology. Browse Assay Genie's current range of PPP1R9B research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
PPP1R9B acts as a scaffold in multiple signalling pathways. It modulates excitatory synaptic transmission and dendritic spine morphology. The protein binds along the sides of actin filaments (F-actin) and shows cross-linking activity, and it may help link the actin cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane at the synaptic junction. It is believed to target protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) to dendritic spines, which are rich in F-actin, and to regulate the specificity of PP1 toward ion channels and other substrates, including AMPA-type and NMDA-type glutamate receptors.
The protein also contributes to the regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signalling, including dopamine D2 receptors and alpha-adrenergic receptors. It binds ADRA1B and RGS2 and mediates regulation of ADRA1B signalling, and it may establish a signalling complex for dopaminergic neurotransmission by linking D2 receptors to downstream signalling molecules and the actin cytoskeleton. It may confer specificity on Rac signalling by binding both RacGEFs and Rac effector proteins, and it probably regulates p70 S6 kinase activity through a complex with TIAM1. It is also required for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-induced cell migration.
The PPP1R9B gene belongs to the HGNC groups of protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunits and PDZ domain containing proteins. Previous names include spinophilin. Expression is particularly high in dendritic spines, which suggests a role in receiving signals from the central nervous system. The encoded protein has putative tumour suppressor function, and decreased expression has been observed in tumours. Orthologues are annotated in mouse and rat as Ppp1r9b.
PPP1R9B modulates excitatory synaptic transmission and is thought to direct PP1 towards AMPA-type and NMDA-type glutamate receptors in dendritic spines.
As an F-actin binding and cross-linking scaffold, PPP1R9B influences dendritic spine morphology and may connect the actin cytoskeleton to the synaptic membrane.
PPP1R9B participates in regulation of dopamine D2 and alpha-adrenergic receptor signalling, including interactions with ADRA1B and RGS2.
PPP1R9B has putative tumour suppressor function, shows decreased expression in tumours, and is required for HGF-induced cell migration.
PPP1R9B is a scaffold protein that binds F-actin and targets protein phosphatase 1 to dendritic spines. It modulates excitatory synaptic transmission and spine morphology, and takes part in G protein-coupled receptor and Rac signalling, as well as HGF-induced cell migration.
PPP1R9B is also called neurabin-2 or spinophilin, with the aliases Spn, SPINO, PPP1R6 and PPP1R9. Its full HGNC name is protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 9B. Searching under any of these names may help when reviewing the literature or a product datasheet.
Mouse and rat both carry a Ppp1r9b orthologue; check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity. NCBI Gene describes putative tumour suppressor function for the encoded protein, with decreased expression observed in tumours.
Other protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunits, PP1 catalytic subunits and related serine/threonine phosphatase targets with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q96SB3; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.