CA11
CA11 (carbonic anhydrase 11, inactive) is a member of the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family that has no catalytic activity. Also known as CARP2, CARPX1 and carbonic anhydrase XI, it is likely a secreted protein most abundantly expressed in brain. Browse Assay Genie's current range of CA11 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
CA11 belongs to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family, but unlike most of its relatives it does not have a catalytic activity. Carbonic anhydrases as a group are zinc metalloenzymes that catalyse the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide, and they take part in respiration, calcification, acid-base balance, bone resorption and the formation of aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva and gastric acid. CA11 is classed with the carbonic anhydrases, yet radical changes at active site residues that are completely conserved in catalytically active isozymes make it unlikely that it has carbonic anhydrase activity.
The CA11 protein is likely to be secreted. It shares properties with two other acatalytic isoforms, CA8 and CA10, and the three are often considered together when studying the non-enzymatic members of the family. Carbonic anhydrases show extensive diversity in tissue distribution and subcellular localisation, and CA11 is most abundantly expressed in brain, where it may play a general role in the central nervous system. The CA11 gene is also known by the symbols CARP2 and CARPX1.
The HGNC name, carbonic anhydrase 11 (inactive), reflects this lack of catalytic function. Previous names include carbonic anhydrase XI, and the protein is listed in UniProt as carbonic anhydrase-related protein 11. The mouse ortholog is Gkn1. Because the protein is not an active enzyme, CA11 studies generally focus on expression and localisation rather than on enzyme activity, and on comparison with other carbonic anhydrase isoforms.
CA11 is most abundantly expressed in brain and may play a general role in the central nervous system.
As an acatalytic alpha-carbonic anhydrase, CA11 offers a contrast to the zinc metalloenzymes that catalyse carbon dioxide hydration.
CA11 is likely a secreted protein, making its localisation and extracellular context a subject for study.
Altered active site residues explain the loss of catalytic activity, a useful case for studying how enzyme-like folds are repurposed.
No. UniProt states that CA11 does not have a catalytic activity. Radical changes at active site residues that are completely conserved in catalytically active carbonic anhydrase isozymes make carbonic anhydrase activity unlikely, which is why HGNC names it carbonic anhydrase 11 (inactive).
CA11 is also called carbonic anhydrase XI or CA XI, carbonic anhydrase-related protein 11, and by the gene symbols CARP2 and CARPX1. HGNC lists its previous names as carbonic anhydrase 11 and carbonic anhydrase XI.
CA11 shares properties with two other acatalytic isoforms, CA8 and CA10. It is a member of the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family, and the mouse ortholog is Gkn1. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other acatalytic and catalytically active carbonic anhydrases with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt O75493; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.