ATP1B4
ATP1B4 (ATPase Na+/K+ transporting family member beta 4) belongs to the X(+)/potassium ATPases subunit beta family but has lost its ancestral role as a Na,K-ATPase beta-subunit. In placental mammals it sits at the inner nuclear membrane and may act as a transcriptional coregulator. Browse Assay Genie's current range of ATP1B4 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
ATP1B4 is an unusual member of the X(+)/potassium ATPases subunit beta family. Family members are generally known as beta-subunits of the Na,K-ATPase, but the ATP1B4 protein has lost that ancestral function. UniProt annotates it as a protein that may act as a transcriptional coregulator during muscle development through its interaction with SNW1. Consistent with this, it is located at the inner membrane of the nucleus rather than at the plasma membrane.
The ATP1B4 gene has been found in all vertebrate genomes sequenced to date, yet its function differs between lineages. In fish, birds and amphibians, the gene encodes plasma membrane-bound beta-subunits of Na,K-ATPase. In placental mammals, the encoded protein instead interacts with the nuclear transcriptional coregulator SKIP (the same factor as SNW1) and may be involved in the regulation of TGF-beta signalling. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been reported for the gene.
This functional switch makes ATP1B4 a useful example for studying how a membrane transport subunit can be repurposed for nuclear regulation. The human gene was formerly named ATPase, (Na+)/K+ transporting, beta 4 polypeptide, and mouse and rat orthologs, both called Atp1b4, are recognised. Researchers studying the ATP1B4 protein often do so alongside the classical Na,K-ATPase subunits to contrast the ancestral and derived roles.
ATP1B4 may act as a transcriptional coregulator during muscle development through its interaction with SNW1.
In placental mammals the protein interacts with SKIP and may be involved in regulating TGF-beta signalling.
The gene changed function in placental mammals, encoding Na,K-ATPase beta-subunits in fish, birds and amphibians but a nuclear protein in placentals.
ATP1B4 localises to the inner nuclear membrane, making it relevant to studies of nuclear membrane proteins and gene regulation.
In placental mammals, ATP1B4 may act as a transcriptional coregulator during muscle development through its interaction with SNW1 (SKIP). It may also be involved in regulating TGF-beta signalling. It has lost its ancestral function as a Na,K-ATPase beta-subunit.
No aliases are listed, but the gene was previously named ATPase, (Na+)/K+ transporting, beta 4 polypeptide. NCBI Gene reports two transcript variants that encode different isoforms. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity and isoform coverage.
The gene is present in all vertebrate genomes sequenced to date, including mouse and rat (Atp1b4). Its function differs: fish, birds and amphibians use it as a plasma membrane Na,K-ATPase beta-subunit, whereas placental mammals use it as a nuclear coregulator-interacting protein.
Other Na,K-ATPase and related P-type ATPase subunits with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q9UN42; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.