ARF5
ARF5 (ARF GTPase 5, ADP-ribosylation factor 5) is a small guanine nucleotide-binding protein of the ARF family within the RAS superfamily. It is implicated in vesicular trafficking and can act as an allosteric activator of the cholera toxin catalytic subunit. Browse Assay Genie's current range of ARF5 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
ARF5 belongs to the ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) family of small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins. According to the NCBI Gene summary, ARF proteins stimulate the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of cholera toxin, play a role in vesicular trafficking and act as activators of phospholipase D. In the context of microbial infection, UniProt annotates ARF5 as an allosteric activator of the cholera toxin catalytic subunit, which is itself an ADP-ribosyltransferase.
The ARF5 gene is a member of the human ARF gene family. The gene products of this family include six ARF proteins and 11 ARF-like proteins, and together they form one family of the RAS superfamily. UniProt places the protein in the small GTPase superfamily, Arf family. The ARF proteins are divided into three classes: class I (ARF1, ARF2 and ARF3), class II (ARF4 and ARF5) and class III (ARF6). Members of each class share a common gene organisation, so ARF5 is most closely grouped with ARF4.
UniProt records ARF5 at several membrane compartments: the cell membrane, the Golgi apparatus including the trans-Golgi network membrane, the perinuclear cytoplasm and the lysosome membrane. This distribution is consistent with a role in membrane trafficking. The protein is encoded by the ARF5 gene, listed by HGNC as ARF GTPase 5, previously named ADP ribosylation factor 5, and the mouse and rat each have an Arf5 ortholog. Researchers studying ARF5 often compare it with ARF1 and ARF6, which represent the other ARF classes.
ARF proteins play a role in vesicular trafficking, making ARF5 relevant to studies of membrane transport and Golgi-associated compartments.
ARF5 acts as an allosteric activator of the cholera toxin catalytic subunit, an ADP-ribosyltransferase, linking it to host-toxin interaction research.
ARF family proteins act as activators of phospholipase D, so ARF5 is of interest in lipid signalling and membrane regulation.
As a class II ARF alongside ARF4, ARF5 supports comparative work across the class I, II and III members of the family.
ARF5 is a small GTP-binding protein of the ARF family. ARF proteins take part in vesicular trafficking and activate phospholipase D. UniProt also annotates ARF5 as an allosteric activator of the cholera toxin catalytic subunit, an ADP-ribosyltransferase, during microbial infection.
HGNC lists the approved name as ARF GTPase 5, and UniProt uses ADP-ribosylation factor 5. The previous HGNC name was ADP ribosylation factor 5. No alternative gene symbols are recorded, so ARF5 is the standard symbol across the databases used here.
ARF5 is a class II ARF, grouped with ARF4, while ARF1, ARF2 and ARF3 are class I and ARF6 is class III. Mouse and rat both carry an Arf5 ortholog. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other ARF family GTPases and ARF-associated proteins relevant to membrane trafficking research.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P84085; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.