GRHPR
GRHPR (glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase, also known as PH2, GLXR and GLYD) is a metabolic enzyme with hydroxypyruvate reductase, glyoxylate reductase and D-glycerate dehydrogenase activities. It is widely expressed, and mutations in the GRHPR gene cause type II hyperoxaluria. Browse Assay Genie's current range of GRHPR research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
GRHPR is an oxidoreductase that combines three enzymatic activities in a single protein. It reduces hydroxypyruvate to D-glycerate and reduces glyoxylate to glycolate. It also works in the opposite direction, oxidising D-glycerate to hydroxypyruvate. These reactions give it hydroxypyruvate reductase, glyoxylate reductase and D-glycerate dehydrogenase activities, and they place the enzyme within metabolism.
The human GRHPR gene encodes glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase, which belongs to the D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family. In the HGNC classification it sits in the oxidoreductases gene group, and two EC numbers are assigned to it, 1.1.1.79 and 1.1.1.81. According to the NCBI Gene summary, the enzyme is expressed in a wide range of tissues. A mouse ortholog, Grhpr, is recorded. Researchers studying the GRHPR protein or measuring GRHPR levels in different tissues can therefore work across human and mouse systems.
The gene has appeared under several names. Alongside the current symbol, the aliases PH2, GLXR and GLYD are used in the literature, and earlier names include glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase. The PH2 alias reflects the disease link: mutations in GRHPR cause type II hyperoxaluria. This makes GRHPR a useful subject for work on glyoxylate and glycerate metabolism and on the biochemical basis of the disorder.
GRHPR reduces glyoxylate to glycolate, so it is a natural focus for studies of how glyoxylate is handled in metabolism.
Mutations in the GRHPR gene cause type II hyperoxaluria, making the enzyme central to research on this inherited disorder.
GRHPR interconverts hydroxypyruvate and D-glycerate, which makes it relevant to investigations of these reversible reactions.
As a member of the D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family, GRHPR serves as a model for multi-activity dehydrogenase function.
GRHPR is an enzyme with hydroxypyruvate reductase, glyoxylate reductase and D-glycerate dehydrogenase activities. It reduces hydroxypyruvate to D-glycerate and glyoxylate to glycolate, and it oxidises D-glycerate to hydroxypyruvate. The NCBI Gene summary notes widespread tissue expression and a role in metabolism.
The HGNC full name is glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate reductase. Aliases and previous symbols include PH2, GLXR and GLYD, and the protein is also called glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase. Two EC numbers apply, 1.1.1.79 and 1.1.1.81, reflecting its different reductase activities.
Yes. Mutations in the GRHPR gene cause type II hyperoxaluria, which explains the PH2 alias. A mouse ortholog, Grhpr, is recorded, so the enzyme can be studied in mouse models. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other oxidoreductases and enzymes of glyoxylate and glycerate metabolism with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q9UBQ7; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.