PON3
PON3 (paraoxonase 3, serum paraoxonase/lactonase 3) is a secreted member of the paraoxonase family that associates with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and rapidly hydrolyses lactones. It can also inhibit the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Browse Assay Genie's current range of PON3 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
PON3 is a serum paraoxonase/lactonase that hydrolyses a defined set of substrates. It rapidly hydrolyses lactones, including statin prodrugs such as lovastatin, and acts on aromatic lactones and 5- or 6-member ring lactones carrying aliphatic substituents. It does not hydrolyse simple lactones or those with polar substituents. Activity towards the organophosphate paraxon and aromatic carboxylic acid esters is low. The enzyme is assigned EC 3.1.1.2, 3.1.1.81 and 3.1.8.1.
The PON3 gene encodes a protein that is secreted into the bloodstream, where it associates with HDL. It belongs to the paraoxonase family, which HGNC groups as the paraoxonases. The gene lies in a cluster on chromosome 7 with the other two family members, PON1 and PON2. Alternatively spliced variants encoding different protein isoforms have been described, although only one has been fully characterised. Mouse and rat both have a Pon3 ortholog.
PON3 can inhibit the oxidation of LDL, a function believed to slow the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. This link to lipoprotein biology, together with its handling of lactone-containing drugs, makes PON3 a useful subject for work on lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and drug metabolism. Researchers studying PON3 protein levels or the PON3 gene often compare it with PON1 and PON2 to separate the roles of the three paraoxonases.
PON3 inhibits LDL oxidation, a function believed to slow the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis.
PON3 is secreted into the bloodstream and associates with high-density lipoprotein, so it is relevant to HDL-linked enzyme activity.
PON3 rapidly hydrolyses lactones, including statin prodrugs such as lovastatin, which makes it relevant to prodrug activation.
PON3 sits in a chromosome 7 cluster with PON1 and PON2, supporting comparative work across the paraoxonase family.
PON3 is a secreted lactonase that associates with HDL. It rapidly hydrolyses lactones, including statin prodrugs such as lovastatin, and has low activity towards paraxon and aromatic carboxylic acid esters. It can also inhibit LDL oxidation, which is believed to slow atherosclerosis.
PON3 stands for paraoxonase 3, and UniProt names the protein serum paraoxonase/lactonase 3. No other aliases or previous symbols are listed by HGNC. Alternatively spliced variants encoding different isoforms have been described, but only one has been fully characterised.
Mouse and rat each have a Pon3 ortholog. In humans, PON3 is one of three paraoxonase family members that lie in a cluster on chromosome 7, alongside PON1 and PON2. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other members of the paraoxonase family that share the chromosome 7 gene cluster with PON3.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q15166; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.