GNRHR
GNRHR (gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor, also known as LHRHR or GRHR) is the receptor for type 1 gonadotropin-releasing hormone. It is a seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor that links GnRH binding to the release of the gonadotropic hormones LH and FSH. Browse Assay Genie's current range of GNRHR research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
GNRHR is the receptor for gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and mediates the action of GnRH in stimulating secretion of the gonadotropic hormones luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Following ligand binding, the receptor associates with G-proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Activation of the receptor ultimately causes the release of LH and FSH. One isoform, isoform 2, may act as an inhibitor of GnRH-R signalling.
The human GNRHR gene encodes a member of the G protein-coupled receptor 1 family, with the seven-transmembrane architecture typical of GPCRs. The GNRHR protein sits in the cell membrane and is expressed on the surface of pituitary gonadotrope cells, as well as in lymphocytes, breast, ovary and prostate. Alternative splicing produces multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. More than 18 transcription initiation sites in the 5' region and multiple polyA signals in the 3' region have also been identified. Mouse and rat each have an orthologous gene, Gnrhr.
The gene is catalogued by HGNC in the group of gonadotropin releasing hormone receptors, and LHRHR and GRHR are recorded as aliases or previous symbols. Defects in GNRHR are a cause of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH), which makes the receptor a focus for work on the control of gonadotropin release. Its expression outside the pituitary also makes it of interest in studies of reproductive tissues and lymphocytes.
GNRHR transduces GnRH signals that drive LH and FSH release from pituitary gonadotropes, placing it at the centre of gonadotropin regulation.
The receptor couples to G-proteins and a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system, making it a model for Gq-type GPCR signalling research.
Defects in the GNRHR gene are a cause of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, so the receptor is studied in the genetics of impaired gonadotropin release.
GNRHR is expressed in breast, ovary and prostate as well as lymphocytes, prompting investigation of receptor function beyond the pituitary.
GNRHR is the receptor for gonadotropin-releasing hormone. When GnRH binds, the receptor associates with G-proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system, which ultimately triggers secretion of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone from pituitary gonadotrope cells.
GNRHR is also known as LHRHR and GRHR, and its full name is gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor. Alternative splicing gives multiple transcript variants and isoforms. Isoform 2 may act as an inhibitor of GnRH-R signalling, so check which isoform a given reagent recognises.
Mouse and rat both have an orthologous Gnrhr gene, so rodent models are commonly used alongside human work. In humans, defects in GNRHR are a cause of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other GnRH pathway components, gonadotropins and their receptors with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P30968; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.