DNASE1L3
DNASE1L3 (deoxyribonuclease 1L3, also known as deoxyribonuclease gamma, DNAS1L3, LSD or D3) is a member of the DNase I family that hydrolyses DNA. It contributes to DNA breakdown during apoptosis and necrosis and to the clearance of neutrophil extracellular traps. Browse Assay Genie's current range of DNASE1L3 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
DNASE1L3 is a DNA hydrolase that cleaves both single- and double-stranded DNA, producing fragments with 3'-OH ends. It can cleave chromatin to nucleosomal units and also acts on nucleosomal and liposome-coated DNA. This activity underlies its role in internucleosomal DNA fragmentation during apoptosis and necrosis. In apoptosis, it has been linked to myogenic and neuronal differentiation and to B cell receptor-mediated clonal deletion of self-reactive B cells.
The enzyme is active on chromatin in apoptotic cell-derived membrane-coated microparticles, and in this way it suppresses anti-DNA autoimmunity. Together with DNASE1, DNASE1L3 plays a key role in degrading neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs are made mainly of DNA fibres and are released by neutrophils to bind pathogens during inflammation. Degrading intravascular NETs is required to prevent clots that obstruct blood vessels and cause organ damage after inflammation. According to the NCBI Gene summary, the protein is not inhibited by actin. UniProt reports it in the nucleus, the endoplasmic reticulum and in secreted form.
The DNASE1L3 gene encodes a member of the DNase I family, and orthologues are annotated in mouse and rat as Dnase1l3. Previous names include deoxyribonuclease I like 3. Mutations in the gene are a cause of systemic lupus erythematosus-16, and alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed. Researchers studying this DNASE1L3 protein often consider it alongside related nucleases such as DNASE1, DNASE1L1 and DNASE2.
DNASE1L3 acts in internucleosomal DNA fragmentation during apoptosis and necrosis, making it relevant to studies of cell death mechanisms.
With DNASE1, DNASE1L3 degrades NETs, which are DNA-based structures released by neutrophils to bind pathogens during inflammation.
DNASE1L3 suppresses anti-DNA autoimmunity, and mutations in its gene are a cause of systemic lupus erythematosus-16.
Degrading intravascular NETs is required to prevent clots that obstruct blood vessels and cause organ damage after inflammation.
DNASE1L3 hydrolyses single- and double-stranded DNA and can cleave chromatin into nucleosomal units. It acts in DNA fragmentation during apoptosis and necrosis, helps suppress anti-DNA autoimmunity, and with DNASE1 degrades neutrophil extracellular traps.
UniProt names the protein deoxyribonuclease gamma. Aliases and previous symbols include DNAS1L3, LSD and D3, and earlier names were deoxyribonuclease I like 3 and deoxyribonuclease 1 like 3. NCBI notes that alternative splicing gives multiple isoforms.
Mutations in the DNASE1L3 gene are a cause of systemic lupus erythematosus-16. Mouse and rat both have an orthologue named Dnase1l3, so rodent models can be used. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other DNase family members that act in DNA degradation and clearance, with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q13609; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.