ALDH3A1
ALDH3A1 (aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family member A1, also known as ALDH3) is a cytoplasmic aldehyde dehydrogenase that oxidises medium and long chain aldehydes to non-toxic fatty acids. It is abundant in the corneal epithelium, where it is thought to protect against ultraviolet light. Browse Assay Genie's current range of ALDH3A1 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
ALDH3A1 belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family, whose members oxidise various aldehydes to the corresponding acids. The enzyme forms a cytoplasmic homodimer and preferentially oxidises aromatic aldehyde substrates, as well as saturated and unsaturated medium-chain aldehydes of six carbons or more. Medium and long chain aldehydes are converted into non-toxic fatty acids. Like other aldehyde dehydrogenases, it contributes to the detoxification of alcohol-derived acetaldehyde and to the metabolism of corticosteroids, biogenic amines, neurotransmitters and products of lipid peroxidation.
The protein is named aldehyde dehydrogenase, dimeric NADP-preferring in UniProt, and the HGNC gene group is the aldehyde dehydrogenases. The ALDH3A1 gene was previously known as aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family, member A1, and ALDH3 is a recognised alias. The gene lies within the Smith-Magenis syndrome region on chromosome 17. Multiple alternatively spliced variants have been identified, and all encode the same protein. Mouse and rat both have an orthologous Aldh3a1 gene.
ALDH3A1 makes up about 50 percent of the soluble proteins in corneal epithelium. It is thought to promote resistance to ultraviolet light and to oxidative damage induced by 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, a lipid peroxidation product, and so may help prevent corneal damage. Researchers studying the ALDH3A1 gene, its protein or its antibody and ELISA-based detection will find it relevant to aldehyde metabolism and ocular biology.
ALDH3A1 comprises about half of corneal epithelial soluble protein and may help prevent corneal damage caused by ultraviolet light.
The enzyme is thought to promote resistance to 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-induced oxidative damage, linking it to lipid peroxidation studies.
ALDH3A1 oxidises aromatic and medium-chain aldehydes and contributes to detoxification of alcohol-derived acetaldehyde.
Aldehyde dehydrogenases are involved in the metabolism of corticosteroids, biogenic amines and neurotransmitters, making ALDH3A1 relevant to these pathways.
ALDH3A1 oxidises aldehydes to the corresponding acids. It preferentially acts on aromatic and medium-chain aldehydes, converting medium and long chain aldehydes into non-toxic fatty acids. It also contributes to alcohol-derived acetaldehyde detoxification and to the metabolism of corticosteroids, biogenic amines and neurotransmitters.
The HGNC name is aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family member A1, previously aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family, member A1. ALDH3 is an alias, and UniProt lists the protein as aldehyde dehydrogenase, dimeric NADP-preferring. Alternative splicing produces multiple transcript variants, but they all encode the same protein.
Yes. Mouse and rat each have an orthologue named Aldh3a1, so rodent models can be used to study the enzyme. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity before choosing a reagent for a particular species.
Other aldehyde dehydrogenase family members involved in aldehyde detoxification and metabolism.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P30838; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.