PILRA
PILRA (paired immunoglobulin-like type 2 receptor alpha, also known as FDF03) is the ITIM-bearing member of the PILR receptor pair and acts in an inhibitory role in cell signalling. It also serves as an entry co-receptor for herpes simplex virus 1. Browse Assay Genie's current range of PILRA research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
PILRA is an inhibitory receptor that helps balance activating and inhibiting processes in cell signalling. Signalling pathways depend on this balance, and SHP-1-mediated dephosphorylation of protein tyrosine residues is central to the regulation of several of them. Inhibitory receptors fall into two types: those that carry an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) and their non-ITIM-bearing, activating counterparts. Control of signalling through SHP-1 is thought to depend on a balance between PILRalpha-mediated inhibition and PILRbeta-mediated activation. The PILRA gene encodes the ITIM-bearing member of this pair, which functions in the inhibitory role.
The paired immunoglobulin-like receptor genes lie in a tandem, head-to-tail orientation on chromosome 7. HGNC places the gene in the V-set domain containing group. UniProt records the PILRA protein at the cell membrane and as a secreted form, and the NCBI Gene summary notes alternative splicing at this locus, with three variants each encoding a distinct isoform. The mouse ortholog is Pilra.
Beyond its role in immune signalling, PILRA has been described in a microbial infection context, where it acts as an entry co-receptor for herpes simplex virus 1. The protein has also been catalogued under the symbol FDF03, and HGNC previously listed its name as paired immunoglobin-like type 2 receptor alpha. This combination of inhibitory signalling and viral entry makes PILRA a useful subject for researchers studying receptor pairing and host-pathogen interactions.
PILRA is the ITIM-bearing inhibitory partner in a receptor pair, making it a model for studying how inhibitory and activating signals are balanced.
Signalling through SHP-1 is thought to be controlled by the balance between PILRalpha-mediated inhibition and PILRbeta-mediated activation.
PILRA acts as an entry co-receptor for herpes simplex virus 1, relevant to work on viral attachment and host-cell entry.
The PILRA and PILRB genes sit in tandem on chromosome 7, offering a system for comparing paired inhibitory and activating receptors.
PILRA encodes the ITIM-bearing member of the PILR receptor pair and functions in an inhibitory role. Signalling via SHP-1 is thought to be balanced between PILRalpha-mediated inhibition and PILRbeta-mediated activation. PILRA also acts as an entry co-receptor for herpes simplex virus 1.
PILRA is also known as FDF03, and its full name is paired immunoglobulin-like type 2 receptor alpha. The NCBI Gene summary reports alternative splicing at this locus, with three variants that each encode a distinct isoform.
A mouse ortholog, Pilra, is recorded for this gene. In humans, UniProt annotates PILRA as an entry co-receptor for herpes simplex virus 1. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Paired receptor partners and SHP-1 pathway components relevant to inhibitory signalling.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q9UKJ1; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.