PSMA1
PSMA1 (proteasome 20S subunit alpha 1) is an alpha subunit of the 20S core proteasome, the complex that degrades most intracellular proteins. It is also known as HC2, NU and PROS30, and belongs to the peptidase T1A family. Browse Assay Genie's current range of PSMA1 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
PSMA1 is a component of the 20S core proteasome complex, which is involved in the proteolytic degradation of most intracellular proteins. The 20S core associates with different regulatory particles to carry out distinct roles. With two 19S regulatory particles it forms the 26S proteasome, which takes part in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins and maintains protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins and proteins whose functions are no longer required.
When the 20S proteasome associates with PA200 or PA28 instead, it mediates ubiquitin-independent protein degradation. This type of proteolysis is required in several pathways, including spermatogenesis (the 20S-PA200 complex) and the generation of a subset of MHC class I-presented antigenic peptides (the 20S-PA28 complex).
The 20S core has a highly ordered, ring-shaped structure made of four stacked rings of 28 non-identical subunits in total. Two rings each contain seven alpha subunits and two rings each contain seven beta subunits. The PSMA1 gene encodes one of these alpha subunits, a member of the peptidase T1A family, and alternative splicing yields multiple transcript variants that encode distinct isoforms. UniProt records the protein in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at high concentration and cleave peptides in a non-lysosomal pathway; a modified form, the immunoproteasome, processes class I MHC peptides. The gene has also been listed as proteasome (prosome, macropain) subunit, alpha type, 1, and mouse and rat each carry a Psma1 ortholog.
As part of the 26S proteasome, PSMA1 contributes to removing misfolded, damaged or no-longer-required proteins, making it relevant to studies of intracellular protein turnover.
PSMA1 is a 20S alpha subunit that supports ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins when associated with 19S regulatory particles.
The 20S-PA28 complex generates a subset of MHC class I-presented antigenic peptides, linking PSMA1 to antigen presentation research.
Ubiquitin-independent degradation by the 20S-PA200 complex is required in spermatogenesis, a pathway in which PSMA1-containing proteasomes take part.
PSMA1 is a 20S core proteasome alpha subunit. With 19S regulatory particles it forms the 26S proteasome, which degrades ubiquitinated proteins in an ATP-dependent manner. With PA200 or PA28 it supports ubiquitin-independent degradation, including spermatogenesis and MHC class I antigen peptide generation.
PSMA1 is also called HC2, NU and PROS30, and the UniProt name is proteasome subunit alpha type-1. Earlier names include proteasome (prosome, macropain) subunit, alpha type, 1. Alternative splicing produces multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms.
Yes. Mouse and rat both have a Psma1 ortholog, and proteasomes are found throughout eukaryotic cells. PSMA1 belongs to the peptidase T1A family; check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other 20S proteasome alpha subunits and related proteasome targets with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P25786; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.