TREM1
TREM1 (triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1, also known as TREM-1 or CD354) is an immunoglobulin superfamily receptor found on myeloid cells. It amplifies neutrophil and monocyte-mediated inflammatory responses to bacterial and fungal infection. Browse Assay Genie's current range of TREM1 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
TREM1 is a receptor of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily that is expressed on myeloid cells. It amplifies the inflammatory responses of neutrophils and monocytes that are triggered by bacterial and fungal infections. It does so by stimulating the release of pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines and by increasing the surface expression of cell activation markers. In this way TREM1 acts as an amplifier of innate immune activity rather than as an initial trigger of it.
The protein is annotated in UniProt as localised to the cell membrane and as secreted. UniProt also describes a decoy receptor activity, in which the protein counterbalances the pro-inflammatory activity of TREM1 by neutralising its ligand. The TREM1 gene therefore connects to both promotion and restraint of myeloid inflammatory signalling. The NCBI Gene record notes that alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene.
HGNC classifies TREM1 within the CD molecules and the V-set domain containing gene groups, and lists TREM-1 and CD354 as aliases. The human gene lies on chromosome 6, and the mouse ortholog is Trem1. Related members of the same receptor family, including TREM2, TREML1 and TREML2, are often studied alongside it when researchers compare myeloid receptor biology. Because TREM1 amplifies responses to infection, it is a frequent subject in studies of neutrophil and monocyte activation and of cytokine and chemokine release.
TREM1 is expressed on myeloid cells and amplifies neutrophil and monocyte responses, making it a useful receptor for studying innate inflammatory activation.
The receptor boosts inflammatory responses triggered by bacterial and fungal infections, so it is studied in host-pathogen interactions.
TREM1 stimulates release of pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines and raises expression of cell activation markers on myeloid cells.
UniProt describes decoy receptor activity that neutralises the TREM1 ligand, which makes the pathway relevant to work on how myeloid inflammation is held in check.
TREM1 is an Ig superfamily receptor on myeloid cells. It amplifies neutrophil and monocyte inflammatory responses to bacterial and fungal infections by stimulating release of pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines and increasing surface expression of cell activation markers.
TREM1 is also written TREM-1 and is designated CD354. The HGNC full name is triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1. NCBI Gene reports alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different isoforms, and UniProt lists both cell membrane and secreted locations.
A mouse ortholog, Trem1, is recorded for the human gene. UniProt also annotates a decoy receptor function that counterbalances TREM1 pro-inflammatory activity by neutralising its ligand. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other TREM-family receptors and inflammatory cytokine and chemokine targets relevant to myeloid activation.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q9NP99; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.