TYRP1
TYRP1 (tyrosinase related protein 1, also known as GP75, CATB, TRP, TYRP, CAS2, b-PROTEIN and OCA3) is a melanosomal enzyme of the tyrosinase family that contributes to melanin biosynthesis. It is also named 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid oxidase. Browse Assay Genie's current range of TYRP1 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
TYRP1 plays a role in melanin biosynthesis. In the presence of bound Cu(2+) ions, but not Zn(2+), it catalyses the oxidation of 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA) into indole-5,6-quinone-2-carboxylic acid. To a lower extent, it can also hydroxylate tyrosine and produce melanin. TYRP1 may regulate or influence the type of melanin that is synthesised, which makes it a useful point of study for pigment biochemistry.
The TYRP1 gene encodes a melanosomal enzyme that belongs to the tyrosinase family, and the protein is found in the melanosome membrane. HGNC places it in the tyrosinase family and the wider oxygenases group, and it carries the enzyme classification EC 1.14.18.-. The mouse ortholog is Tyrp1, which is commonly used when modelling pigmentation in vivo.
The protein is known by several names, including GP75, CATB, TRP, TYRP, CAS2 and b-PROTEIN, and by the designation OCA3 in the context of disease. Defects in the TYRP1 gene are the cause of rufous oculocutaneous albinism and oculocutaneous albinism type III. Researchers studying the TYRP1 protein, the TYRP1 gene or melanosome biology will find the enzyme relevant to questions about how melanin type and pigmentation are controlled.
TYRP1 acts in the melanin biosynthetic pathway, oxidising DHICA and, to a lesser extent, hydroxylating tyrosine.
As a melanosome membrane enzyme of the tyrosinase family, TYRP1 is relevant to the study of melanosomal function.
Defects in TYRP1 cause rufous oculocutaneous albinism and oculocutaneous albinism type III.
TYRP1 may regulate or influence the type of melanin synthesised, a question central to pigmentation studies.
TYRP1 plays a role in melanin biosynthesis. With bound Cu(2+) it catalyses oxidation of DHICA to indole-5,6-quinone-2-carboxylic acid, and it can weakly hydroxylate tyrosine. It may also influence which type of melanin is made. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
The TYRP1 gene is also known as GP75, CATB, TRP, TYRP, CAS2, b-PROTEIN and OCA3. UniProt names the protein 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid oxidase, and HGNC uses tyrosinase related protein 1 as the full name.
Yes. According to NCBI Gene, defects in TYRP1 cause rufous oculocutaneous albinism and oculocutaneous albinism type III. The mouse ortholog, Tyrp1, is available for comparative work, though you should check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other tyrosinase family members and melanin pathway targets with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P17643; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.