MYOC
MYOC (myocilin, also known as TIGR, JOAG1 and GLC1A) is a secreted glycoprotein that regulates signalling pathways in adjacent cells to control adhesion, cytoskeleton organisation and migration. It is expressed in ocular tissues, including the trabecular meshwork, and is linked to hereditary glaucoma. Browse Assay Genie's current range of MYOC research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
MYOC encodes myocilin, a secreted glycoprotein that regulates the activation of different signalling pathways in adjacent cells. Through these pathways it influences cell adhesion, cell-matrix adhesion, cytoskeleton organisation and cell migration. Myocilin promotes substrate adhesion, spreading and the formation of focal contacts, while also negatively regulating cell-matrix adhesion and stress fibre assembly through Rho protein signal transduction. It modulates the actin cytoskeleton by stimulating stress fibre formation through interactions with components of Wnt signalling pathways, and it promotes cell migration through activation of PTK2 and downstream phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signalling.
Myocilin has been assigned roles beyond the eye. It promotes osteoblast differentiation in a dose-dependent manner through mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling, mediates myelination in the peripheral nervous system through ERBB2/ERBB3 signalling, and acts as a regulator of muscle hypertrophy through components of the dystrophin-associated protein complex. It is also involved in positive regulation of mitochondrial depolarisation and plays a role in neurite outgrowth. UniProt records the protein in several compartments, including the extracellular space and matrix, exosomes, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, cilium and mitochondrion. The MYOC gene belongs to the olfactomedin domain containing gene group, and mouse and rat each have a Myoc ortholog.
The gene was first characterised as the trabecular meshwork inducible glucocorticoid response protein (TIGR), which explains the alias. The trabecular meshwork is a specialised eye tissue essential for regulating intraocular pressure, and mutations in MYOC have been identified as the cause of hereditary juvenile-onset open-angle glaucoma, reflected in the aliases JOAG1 and GLC1A. Myocilin may participate in the obstruction of fluid outflow in the trabecular meshwork, making it a central protein in glaucoma research.
Mutations in MYOC cause hereditary juvenile-onset open-angle glaucoma, making myocilin a key subject in studies of intraocular pressure and the trabecular meshwork.
Myocilin regulates focal contacts, stress fibre assembly and cell-matrix adhesion through Rho and Wnt-related signalling, so it is studied in cytoskeletal biology.
Myocilin promotes osteoblast differentiation through MAPK signalling and regulates muscle hypertrophy via the dystrophin-associated protein complex.
Myocilin mediates peripheral nervous system myelination through ERBB2/ERBB3 signalling and plays a role in neurite outgrowth.
MYOC encodes myocilin, a secreted glycoprotein that regulates signalling in adjacent cells to control cell adhesion, cytoskeleton organisation and migration. It also contributes to osteoblast differentiation, peripheral myelination and muscle hypertrophy, and may participate in obstructing fluid outflow in the trabecular meshwork.
MYOC is the HGNC symbol for myocilin. Aliases and previous symbols include TIGR, JOAG1 and GLC1A. The previous name, trabecular meshwork inducible glucocorticoid response, reflects the discovery of the protein as a glucocorticoid-inducible response protein in the trabecular meshwork.
Mutations in MYOC have been identified as the cause of hereditary juvenile-onset open-angle glaucoma. The trabecular meshwork, where MYOC is expressed, regulates intraocular pressure. Mouse and rat both carry a Myoc ortholog; check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Related targets in cytoskeletal and muscle-associated biology with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q99972; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.