CD4
CD4 (CD4 molecule, T4, Leu-3) is a membrane glycoprotein of T lymphocytes that acts as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor in antigen recognition. It is also the primary cell-surface receptor for entry of HIV-1. Browse Assay Genie's current range of CD4 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
CD4 is a membrane glycoprotein that acts as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte. It helps the cell recognise antigens displayed by an antigen presenting cell in the context of class II MHC molecules. In doing so, the CD4 protein initiates or augments the early phase of T-cell activation.
The CD4 gene is expressed not only in T lymphocytes but also in B cells, macrophages, granulocytes and various regions of the brain. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. The protein is localised to the cell membrane, and HGNC places it among the CD molecules, the V-set domain containing group and the C2-set domain containing group.
CD4 is also the primary receptor for entry of human immunodeficiency virus, through interactions with the HIV Env gp120 subunit. The viral protein Vpu down-regulates CD4, and the molecule also acts as a receptor for human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7). In the central nervous system, CD4 may act as a mediator of indirect neuronal damage in infectious and immune-mediated diseases. The molecule was previously described as the CD4 antigen (p55), and is also known as T4 and Leu-3. Mouse and rat both have a Cd4 ortholog.
CD4 acts as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor and augments the early phase of T-cell activation, making it central to antigen recognition work.
CD4 is the primary receptor for HIV-1 and binds the Env gp120 subunit, so it underpins studies of viral entry and Vpu-mediated down-regulation.
CD4 engages antigens presented by antigen presenting cells in the context of class II MHC molecules, a core question in adaptive immunology.
CD4 is expressed in regions of the brain and may mediate indirect neuronal damage in infectious and immune-mediated diseases of the central nervous system.
CD4 is a coreceptor that works with the T-cell receptor to recognise antigens presented by class II MHC molecules on antigen presenting cells. It initiates or augments early T-cell activation. It is also the primary receptor for HIV-1 entry via the Env gp120 subunit.
CD4 is also known as T4 and Leu-3, and was previously called the CD4 antigen (p55). UniProt names the protein T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4. NCBI Gene reports multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different isoforms.
Mouse and rat both carry a Cd4 ortholog. CD4 is linked to HIV infection as the primary entry receptor, and it also serves as a receptor for HHV-7. It may mediate neuronal damage in CNS disease. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other CD molecules, immune cell markers and antigen-presentation targets with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P01730; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.