AKT3
AKT3 (AKT serine/threonine kinase 3, also known as PKBG, RAC-gamma or PRKBG) is one of three closely related AKT kinases that regulate metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. It signals by phosphorylating serine and threonine residues on downstream substrates. Browse Assay Genie's current range of AKT3 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
AKT3 is a serine/threonine-protein kinase and one of three AKT isoforms, alongside AKT1 and AKT2, collectively called the AKT kinase. These enzymes regulate metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis by phosphorylating a range of downstream substrates on serine and/or threonine residues. Over 100 substrate candidates have been reported, but for most of them no isoform specificity has been described. AKT kinases are regulators of cell signalling in response to insulin and growth factors, and AKT3 has been shown to be stimulated by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1).
AKT3 is the least studied AKT isoform. It plays an important role in brain development and is crucial for the viability of malignant glioma cells. It is also required to coordinate mitochondrial biogenesis with the growth factor-induced rise in cellular energy demand. Down-regulating AKT3 by RNA interference reduces the level of phosphorylated BAD and induces caspase-dependent apoptosis. The AKT3 isoform may also be a key molecule in the up- and down-regulation of MMP13 via IL-13. The wider AKT family is linked to cell differentiation, apoptosis, tumorigenesis, glycogen synthesis and glucose uptake. UniProt reports the protein in the nucleus, cytoplasm and membrane.
The AKT3 gene encodes a member of the protein kinase superfamily, in the AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family and RAC subfamily. HGNC places it in the pleckstrin homology domain containing group and the AKT kinase family. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described. Earlier names include v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 3, and the family is also called PKB. Mouse and rat both have an Akt3 ortholog.
AKT3 plays an important role in brain development, making it a relevant kinase for studies of how growth factor signalling shapes the nervous system.
AKT3 is crucial for the viability of malignant glioma cells, and AKT kinases are implicated in tumorigenesis and cell proliferation.
Reducing AKT3 by RNA interference lowers phosphorylated BAD and triggers caspase-dependent apoptosis, linking the kinase to survival signalling.
AKT3 responds to PDGF, insulin and IGF1, and AKT kinases influence glycogen synthesis, glucose uptake and mitochondrial biogenesis.
AKT3 is a serine/threonine kinase that phosphorylates downstream substrates to regulate metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. It is stimulated by PDGF, insulin and IGF1, is important in brain development, and helps coordinate mitochondrial biogenesis with cellular energy demands.
AKT3 is also called PKBG, RAC-gamma and PRKBG, and was formerly named v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 3. The AKT family is also known as PKB. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described for the AKT3 gene.
Mouse and rat each have an Akt3 ortholog. AKT3 is crucial for the viability of malignant glioma cells, and AKT kinases are involved in tumorigenesis. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other AKT kinase family members and AKT pathway partners with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q9Y243; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.