ST14
ST14 (suppression of tumorigenicity 14, also known as matriptase, MT-SP1, TMPRSS14, SNC19, HAI, CAP3 and PRSS14) is an epithelial-derived, integral membrane serine protease. It activates other proteases and latent growth factors at the cell surface. Browse Assay Genie's current range of ST14 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
ST14 is an epithelial-derived, integral membrane serine protease with trypsin-like activity, defined by cleavage of synthetic substrates that carry Arg or Lys at the P1 site. It is thought to act as an epithelial membrane activator for other proteases and latent growth factors. It has been shown to cleave and activate hepatocyte growth factor/scattering factor and urokinase plasminogen activator. It also cleaves and activates TMPRSS13.
In the skin, ST14 is involved in the terminal differentiation of keratinocytes, through activation of prostasin (PRSS8) and processing of filaggrin (FLG). The protease forms a complex with the Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor HAI-1 and is activated by sphingosine 1-phosphate.
The ST14 gene encodes a member of the peptidase S1 family. HGNC classes it with the type II transmembrane serine proteases and the SEA domain containing group. The mouse ortholog is St14. The name derives from the original description of the gene as a suppression of tumorigenicity locus in colon carcinoma. Expression of the protease has been associated with breast, colon, prostate and ovarian tumours, which implicates it in cancer invasion and metastasis. Researchers studying matriptase often work with the ST14 protein, an ST14 antibody or an ST14 ELISA kit to follow its levels in experimental systems.
ST14 expression is associated with breast, colon, prostate and ovarian tumours, implicating the protease in cancer invasion and metastasis.
As an integral membrane protease of epithelial origin, ST14 acts as a cell-surface activator of other proteases and latent growth factors.
ST14 contributes to terminal keratinocyte differentiation by activating prostasin (PRSS8) and processing filaggrin (FLG).
ST14 cleaves and activates hepatocyte growth factor, urokinase plasminogen activator and TMPRSS13, making it a useful entry point for studying proteolytic cascades.
ST14 is a membrane-bound serine protease with trypsin-like activity. It cleaves and activates hepatocyte growth factor/scattering factor, urokinase plasminogen activator and TMPRSS13. It also activates prostasin and processes filaggrin during keratinocyte terminal differentiation. It forms a complex with the inhibitor HAI-1.
ST14 is widely called matriptase. Other aliases are SNC19, HAI, MT-SP1, TMPRSS14, CAP3 and PRSS14. The earlier HGNC names were suppression of tumorigenicity 14 (colon carcinoma) and suppression of tumorigenicity 14. UniProt lists the protein as suppressor of tumorigenicity 14 protein.
Expression of ST14 has been associated with breast, colon, prostate and ovarian tumours, suggesting a role in cancer invasion and metastasis. A mouse ortholog, St14, exists. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other ST-prefixed targets and signalling or membrane proteins with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt Q9Y5Y6; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.