KIR2DL1
KIR2DL1 (killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL1, also known as CD158A, p58.1, nkat1, cl-42 and 47.11) is a cell membrane receptor on natural killer cells. It recognises certain HLA-C alleles and inhibits NK cell activity, preventing cell lysis. Browse Assay Genie's current range of KIR2DL1 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
KIR2DL1 is a receptor on natural killer (NK) cells for some HLA-C alleles, such as w4 and w6. When it engages these ligands it inhibits the activity of NK cells, thereby preventing cell lysis. As a result, the KIR2DL1 protein is a useful subject for studying how NK cells tell healthy cells from altered ones through HLA class I recognition.
KIR2DL1 belongs to the killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) family, which is part of the immunoglobulin superfamily. KIRs are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by NK cells and subsets of T cells. They are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether the cytoplasmic domain is long (L) or short (S). The name KIR2DL1 reflects two Ig domains and a long cytoplasmic tail. KIRs with a long tail transduce inhibitory signals on ligand binding through an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM). Short-tailed KIRs lack the ITIM and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals.
The KIR2DL1 gene lies in the KIR gene cluster on chromosome 19q13.4, within the leukocyte receptor complex. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous, and gene content varies among haplotypes. HGNC lists KIR2DL1 in the CD molecules group as CD158A, and its previous name was killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two domains, long cytoplasmic tail, 1. KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulating the immune response.
KIR2DL1 is an inhibitory receptor on NK cells that suppresses their activity and prevents cell lysis.
It serves as a receptor for HLA-C alleles such as w4 and w6, making it a model for KIR–HLA class I interactions.
KIR proteins are thought to be important in regulating the immune response through their HLA class I ligands.
KIR genes are polymorphic, highly homologous and vary in content among haplotypes within the leukocyte receptor complex.
KIR2DL1 is a receptor on natural killer cells for some HLA-C alleles, such as w4 and w6. Ligand binding inhibits NK cell activity and so prevents cell lysis. Its long cytoplasmic tail carries an ITIM, which transduces the inhibitory signal.
KIR2DL1 is also known as CD158A, p58.1, nkat1, cl-42 and 47.11. Its full HGNC name is killer cell immunoglobulin like receptor, two Ig domains and long cytoplasmic tail 1. The name describes its two extracellular Ig domains and long (L) cytoplasmic tail.
KIR2DL1 is one of several polymorphic, highly homologous KIR genes clustered on chromosome 19q13.4. Gene content varies between haplotypes. Long-tailed KIRs such as KIR2DL1 signal inhibition through an ITIM, whereas short-tailed KIRs signal activation via TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein.
Other killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors from the same gene cluster, with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P43626; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.