HLA-DRB1
HLA-DRB1 (major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 1; also HLA-DR1B) encodes the beta chain of the HLA-DR class II molecule, which presents peptides derived from extracellular proteins to the immune system. It also acts as a receptor for Epstein-Barr virus on lymphocytes. Browse Assay Genie's current range of HLA-DRB1 research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
HLA-DRB1 is one of the HLA class II beta chain paralogs. The class II molecule is a heterodimer of an alpha chain (DRA) and a beta chain (DRB), both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells. In the context of microbial infection, the protein also acts as a receptor for Epstein-Barr virus on lymphocytes.
The HLA-DRB1 protein is the HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1 beta chain, and is approximately 26-28 kDa. It is found at the cell membrane, and UniProt also records it in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and in lysosome, late endosome and autolysosome membranes. The HLA-DRB1 gene is encoded by 6 exons. Exon one encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and exon 5 encodes the cytoplasmic tail. Within the DR molecule, the beta chain carries all the polymorphisms that specify peptide binding specificity.
HGNC places the gene in the histocompatibility complex group and among C1-set domain containing proteins. Hundreds of DRB1 alleles have been described, and some alleles occur at increased frequency in certain diseases or conditions. For example, DRB1*1302 has been related to acute and chronic hepatitis B virus persistence. The locus also has multiple pseudogenes, which is worth bearing in mind when designing nucleic acid assays. Related class II and class I genes include HLA-DQA1, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DPB1 and HLA-A.
HLA-DRB1 forms part of the class II molecule that presents peptides from extracellular proteins in antigen presenting cells.
Hundreds of DRB1 alleles exist, and some are found at increased frequency in particular diseases or conditions.
HLA-DRB1 acts as a receptor for Epstein-Barr virus on lymphocytes, and DRB1*1302 has been linked to hepatitis B virus persistence.
The beta chain carries all the polymorphisms in the DR molecule that determine peptide binding specificities.
HLA-DRB1 encodes the beta chain of the HLA-DR class II heterodimer, which pairs with the alpha chain (DRA) and presents peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells. The protein also acts as a receptor for Epstein-Barr virus on lymphocytes.
The HGNC name is major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 1, with HLA-DR1B listed as an alias. UniProt calls the protein HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1 beta chain. It is a member of the HLA class II beta chain paralogs.
Hundreds of DRB1 alleles are known, and some occur at increased frequency in certain diseases or conditions. For example, DRB1*1302 has been related to acute and chronic hepatitis B virus persistence. Mouse and rat orthologs are not given in the data, so check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Other HLA class II genes, the HLA-DR molecule and class I histocompatibility genes with products at Assay Genie.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P01911; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.