FDXR
FDXR (ferredoxin reductase, also known as ADR, AR and ADXR) is a mitochondrial flavoprotein that passes electrons from NADPH to the cytochrome P450 systems of the mitochondrion. It is also known by its UniProt name, NADPH:adrenodoxin oxidoreductase. Browse Assay Genie's current range of FDXR research reagents below, or read on for the biology behind the target.
FDXR serves as the first electron transfer protein in all the mitochondrial P450 systems. It receives electrons from NADPH and initiates electron transport for the cytochromes P450. These systems include cholesterol side chain cleavage in all steroidogenic tissues, steroid 11-beta hydroxylation in the adrenal cortex, 25-OH-vitamin D3-24 hydroxylation in the kidney, and sterol C-27 hydroxylation in the liver.
FDXR also acts as a ferredoxin--NADP(+) reductase that is essential for coenzyme Q biosynthesis. Together with FDX2, it transfers the electrons required for the hydroxylation reaction performed by COQ6. This links the FDXR gene to both steroid and vitamin D metabolism and to the mitochondrial coenzyme Q pathway.
The FDXR protein belongs to the ferredoxin--NADP reductase type 1 family and is localised to the mitochondrion, including the inner membrane. HGNC places it in several gene groups: mitochondrial respiratory chain complex assembly factors, mitochondrial iron-sulfur assembly components, flavoproteins and oxidoreductases. According to the NCBI Gene summary, multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. Mouse and rat each carry an ortholog named Fdxr, so the protein can be studied in common rodent models. Researchers working on FDXR often look at it alongside its electron-transfer partners, adrenodoxin-type ferredoxins and the P450 enzymes it supports.
FDXR provides the first electron transfer step for cholesterol side chain cleavage in steroidogenic tissues and for steroid 11-beta hydroxylation in the adrenal cortex.
It supports 25-OH-vitamin D3-24 hydroxylation in the kidney and sterol C-27 hydroxylation in the liver through mitochondrial P450 systems.
Together with FDX2, FDXR transfers the electrons needed for the hydroxylation reaction performed by COQ6 in coenzyme Q production.
HGNC lists FDXR among mitochondrial iron-sulfur assembly components and respiratory chain complex assembly factors, making it relevant to mitochondrial redox studies.
FDXR is the first electron transfer protein in all mitochondrial P450 systems, accepting electrons from NADPH. It supports cholesterol side chain cleavage, steroid 11-beta hydroxylation, vitamin D3 24-hydroxylation and sterol C-27 hydroxylation. It also supports coenzyme Q biosynthesis by providing electrons, with FDX2, to COQ6.
FDXR has the aliases ADR, AR and ADXR, and the UniProt name NADPH:adrenodoxin oxidoreductase, mitochondrial. Its enzyme classification is EC 1.18.1.6. The NCBI Gene summary notes that multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene.
Yes. Mouse and rat both have an ortholog named Fdxr, which allows the gene to be studied in rodent models. FDXR belongs to the ferredoxin--NADP reductase type 1 family. Check the datasheet of any product for its validated reactivity.
Electron-transfer partners, P450 enzymes and coenzyme Q pathway proteins connected to FDXR biology.
Gene and protein annotations from HGNC, NCBI Gene and UniProt P22570; product specifications from Assay Genie datasheets.